In recent years, pumpkins have become a popular crop in the market, but many growers face challenges such as low fruit set, poor flowering, insufficient light, excessive nitrogen fertilizer, and inadequate pollination. To improve pumpkin yield and quality, it's important to focus on several key practices during cultivation.
First, applying proper base fertilizer is essential. Pumpkins require a lot of nutrients and water throughout their growth cycle. Before planting, make sure to add sufficient organic matter and balanced fertilizers to the soil to support healthy development.
Second, pruning the main vine is crucial. When the main vine reaches about 2 meters in length, pinching off the growing tip encourages the growth of 3-4 side branches, which will bear more flowers and fruits.
Third, providing support structures helps improve air circulation and light exposure. Once the side vines reach 2 meters, they should be trained onto trellises or supports. This not only enhances light penetration but also increases the fruit-setting rate by over 40%.
Fourth, preventing leggy growth is important for better fruit production. If the vines become too long and weak, you can make a small cut 30 cm from the base of the vine and apply a layer of black charcoal to restrict further elongation.
Fifth, artificial pollination can significantly boost fruit set. Cover female flowers with banana leaves before they open to protect them from rain. The next morning, collect pollen from male flowers on different plants and manually transfer it to the female flowers. Leave the cover on for 2-3 days to ensure successful pollination.
Lastly, burying the late-stage stems can help increase yield. As the plant matures, use the adventitious roots that develop along the vine. Bury the stem in fertile soil mixed with some organic compost, keeping the depth around 15-25 cm. After 2-3 rounds of this practice, yellow waxy leaves may appear at the base. Typically, 4-6 roots are buried, and this method can raise yields by 20-40%.
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