There are several common mold and ear diseases that can affect the cultivation process. To prevent contamination and ensure a healthy growth environment, it is essential to follow proper sterilization and hygiene procedures throughout the entire production cycle.
1. All water used in the production process should be clean and free from contaminants. When preparing the ingredients, adjusting the pH level by 2% to 3% can help create an unfavorable environment for unwanted microorganisms.
2. Before inoculation, it is important to disinfect all equipment and materials. This includes applying 10 ml of formaldehyde per cubic meter, along with 5 g of potassium permanganate or 3 to 4 grams of fumigation agent in the same volume. This should be done in inoculation boxes, chambers, bags, strains, tools, sealing tampons, and any other relevant areas to ensure thorough disinfection.
3. Once the culture materials are placed in bags, they must be sterilized immediately. At a temperature of 100°C, the pressure should be maintained at atmospheric levels for 8 to 12 hours to ensure complete sterilization and eliminate any potential pathogens.
4. Regular inspections are crucial. Any infected strains or contaminated cultivation bags should be removed promptly. Additionally, ensuring good ventilation and drying of the area helps prevent the spread of mold and bacteria.
5. If mild mold appears during the germination stage, a plastic bag containing the affected area can be used to spray either fungal powder or a carbendazim solution directly onto the moldy spot. This helps control the infection before it spreads further.
6. It's also important to clean up any residual ears or leftover material promptly. Afterward, spray the area with a 0.2% carbendazim solution or a diluted bleach solution to prevent further contamination.
7. For dermatomycosis, prevention is key. In addition to maintaining cleanliness, you can use a solution of chlortetracycline (or oxytetracycline) at a concentration of 25 units per milliliter, or a 300-fold dilution of zeocin (or tetracycline) to treat affected areas effectively.
By following these steps carefully, you can significantly reduce the risk of mold and ear disease, ensuring a successful and safe cultivation process. Always stay alert and maintain strict hygiene practices to protect your crops from potential infections.
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