Peanuts use calcium fertilizer for high yield
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Peanuts are considered high-calcium crops, as they require approximately 2.7 kilograms of calcium per kilogram of peanut pods. During seed germination, calcium is essential for proper growth and development. Calcium plays a crucial role in enhancing nitrogen metabolism within the plant, promoting healthy root and nodule development. When peanuts lack sufficient calcium, their roots become weak, young stems and leaves turn yellow, and the underside of the leaves may show spotting. The seeds' germs may darken, and the formation of fruiting structures (mangoes) decreases, leading to an increase in empty pods and shriveled nuts.
In agricultural practices, the most commonly used calcium fertilizer is gypsum, or calcium sulfate. It can be applied as a base fertilizer at a rate of 50 to 100 kilograms per mu, or as a top dressing during the early flowering stage, with a recommended application rate of 20 to 30 kilograms per mu. Applying gypsum not only supplies essential nutrients but also helps regulate soil pH, especially in saline soils. This can reduce the harmful effects of excessive sodium on the root system, improving overall plant health.
Field trials have shown that the use of calcium fertilizers typically increases peanut yields by 5% to 20%, with some cases reporting even higher improvements of over 30%. These results highlight the importance of calcium in optimizing peanut growth and productivity, making it a valuable input for farmers aiming to improve both quality and yield.