Peanuts use calcium fertilizer for high yield
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Peanuts are considered high-calcium crops, as they require approximately 2.7 kilograms of calcium for every kilogram of peanut pods produced. During seed germination, calcium is essential for proper growth and development. Calcium plays a crucial role in enhancing nitrogen metabolism within the plant, promoting healthy root and nodule development. When peanuts lack sufficient calcium, several symptoms may appear, such as weak roots, yellowing of young stems and leaves, and spotting on the underside of the leaves. The seeds may also develop darkened germs, and the formation of fruit (mangoes) may be reduced, leading to an increase in empty pods and shriveled nuts.
In agricultural practice, the most commonly used calcium fertilizer is gypsum (calcium sulfate). It can be applied as a base fertilizer at a rate of 50 to 100 kilograms per mu (approximately 667 square meters). Gypsum can also be used as a top dressing during the early flowering stage, with an application rate of 20 to 30 kilograms per mu. Applying gypsum not only provides necessary calcium but also helps improve soil structure, especially in saline soils. It can regulate soil pH and reduce the harmful effects of excess sodium on the root system.
Field trials conducted in various regions have shown that the use of calcium fertilizers typically increases peanut yields by 5% to 20%, with some high-performance cases reaching over 30%. This makes calcium application a valuable strategy for improving both yield and quality in peanut cultivation. Farmers are encouraged to consider local soil conditions and perform regular testing to determine the optimal timing and amount of calcium fertilizer needed for their specific fields.