Early Spring Agricultural Machinery Correct Use
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To ensure the efficient and safe operation of agricultural machinery, it's essential to follow proper maintenance procedures before use. First, all equipment should be inspected and prepared according to the manufacturer's manual. This includes cleaning, lubricating, adjusting, and tightening components to ensure the machinery is in optimal working condition before being put into service.
Next, maintaining the lubrication system of power equipment such as tractors and diesel engines is crucial. In addition to using the correct grade of lubricating oil, it's important to strictly follow the recommended maintenance schedule for the lubrication system. Regular cleaning and timely replacement of filter elements help reduce internal wear and extend the life of the machine.
During early spring, when temperatures can be unpredictable, the cooling system of power machinery requires special attention. First, anti-freezing measures must be taken—especially if antifreeze is not used, the coolant should be drained when temperatures drop below freezing to prevent damage from ice expansion. Second, when starting the engine in cold weather, a warm-up period is necessary to allow the engine to reach a stable operating temperature. Lastly, always monitor the engine’s temperature: wait until the water temperature reaches at least 40°C before running without a load, and only begin loading once it reaches 60°C or higher. The ideal operating temperature range should be between 80°C and 95°C to minimize unnecessary engine wear.
When performing tasks like rotary tilling, sowing, or irrigation, operators must strictly follow the correct operating procedures to ensure both safety and efficiency.
In terms of fuel efficiency, most agricultural machinery uses diesel engines, so keeping the fuel clean is vital. There are three effective methods for purifying diesel: first, store the purchased diesel for at least 96 hours to allow impurities to settle before filtering through a fine cloth. When drawing fuel from a drum, wrap the opening with a layer of silk cloth or wax paper, and replace it regularly. For imported equipment, it's especially important to let the diesel sit for 96 hours, filter it in three stages, and float the oil before filling the tank at night to avoid moisture condensation.
For lubricating oil, always use high-quality, machine-specific lubricants and keep the oil filter clean. For rotor-type filters, place a suitable piece of kraft paper inside to help trap dirt through centrifugal force. Clean the filter using an air pump to blow out debris from the inside, and avoid touching it directly with your hands. Never mix different types of lubricants unless specified by the manufacturer.
Maintaining clean air intake is also essential. Each cylinder draws in 2–4 cubic meters of air per minute, so regular inspection and cleaning of the air filter are necessary to prevent dust and particles from entering the engine.
Regarding the cooling system, it's best to use soft water such as rainwater, melted snow, or treated tap water. When cleaning the system, add 1% caustic soda and 0.5% kerosene to the water based on the volume. This helps remove scale and maintain the system’s efficiency.
Finally, the tools and attachments used in field operations often get dirty due to exposure to dust, mud, and water. Regular cleaning is necessary to prevent rust and corrosion. If needed, repaint any damaged areas to protect the metal surfaces and prolong the life of the equipment.