Forest fruit seedlings antifreeze method
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Freezing damage to young seedlings can significantly impact their quality and overall health. Some seedlings may suffer complete death due to frost, while others might experience top dieback, which can negatively affect fruit production in the following growing season. To enhance the cold resistance of seedlings, implement effective protective measures, and ensure proper nursery management, it's crucial to prepare them for winter survival. Here are some detailed strategies:
1. **Increase Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilization** – This helps promote lignification, making seedlings more resilient to cold. Starting from early November, apply 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days. Alternatively, use 4–5 pounds of wood ash per acre, applying it twice in a row. Stop applying nitrogen fertilizer after autumn to avoid stimulating tender growth that is more susceptible to frost.
2. **Apply Boron Outside the Roots** – Spraying boron can improve cold tolerance. From November onward, spray 0.5% borax or mix it with potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 10 days for three applications. This helps strengthen cell walls and improves overall plant resilience.
3. **Winter Protection Measures** – Seedlings with poor cold resistance should be buried in the soil for protection. For high-value seedlings, consider using antifreeze greenhouses. In alpine areas, build wind barriers by hanging pine branches on the windward side to reduce wind exposure. Additionally, cover the ground with straw or thatch to insulate and retain heat.
4. **Irrigation for Frost Protection** – Watering the nursery the day before a frost event can help maintain soil temperature above freezing. This prevents the roots from being damaged by sudden drops in temperature.
5. **Smoke to Prevent Frost** – In extremely cold conditions, set up two to three smoke stacks around the nursery. Light them when temperatures drop to 0°C and keep the smoke burning until sunrise. The smoke creates a warm layer that protects the plants from severe frost.
By implementing these measures, growers can significantly improve the survival rate of seedlings during winter, ensuring healthier plants for the next growing season. These practices not only protect the current crop but also contribute to long-term nursery sustainability.