Trichlorfon is an organophosphate insecticide widely used for pest control in agriculture, livestock, and public health. It appears as a white crystalline powder in its pure form, while industrial formulations are typically pale yellow-brown powders or tan oily liquids. Known for its high efficiency, low residue, and broad-spectrum activity, trichlorfon primarily works through contact and ingestion, making it effective against a wide range of pests. It is considered to have low toxicity to humans and animals when used properly.
Available in various formulations such as 90% crystals, 2% powder, and 80% wettable powder, trichlorfon is applied in different ways depending on the target pest. For agricultural use, 100–200 grams of 90% trichlorfon crystal per acre, mixed with 50–100 kg of water, can effectively control pests like bollworms, armyworms, cutworms, leafhoppers, rice leaf rollers, rice borers, planthoppers, and stem borers. Alternatively, 2% powdered trichlorfon can be used at the same rate. For underground pests, 500 grams of 90% crystal mixed with 10 kg of water can be used for seed dressing, or combined with fried cottonseed cake to create bait for controlling soil-dwelling insects.
In vegetable cultivation, 80–100 grams of trichlorfon crystal per acre, diluted in 50 kg of water, is effective against pests such as cabbage caterpillars and diamondback moths. For livestock and sanitary purposes, 80% wettable powder diluted 400 times can be used to treat skin parasites in cattle, horses, and sheep. Additionally, mixing 90% trichlorfon crystal with water in a 1:100 ratio can serve as an effective bait for controlling houseflies and other flying insects.
When using trichlorfon, certain precautions should be followed. First, avoid applying it to crops such as sorghum, beans, and corn, as they are particularly sensitive. Second, stop application 7–10 days before harvest to ensure safety. Third, after handling the insecticide, rinse hands and face with clean water rather than soap or alkaline solutions, which may increase toxicity. Finally, always follow instructions from trained professionals when applying it to livestock to ensure proper and safe usage.
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