To timely carry out chemical weeding on paddy fields
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There are numerous types of weeds that appear during the seedling stage in rice fields, and their damage can be quite severe. The primary weed species include valerian, chinensis, sedge, and other broad-leaved weeds. If not controlled promptly, these weeds can quickly form dense grass patches in direct-seeded rice fields, competing with the rice plants for light, nutrients, and water. This competition can lead to a general yield reduction of 2–3%, while grain weight may decrease by over 50%. In severe cases, entire fields can turn into grasslands, making it nearly impossible to grow rice. Therefore, all local offices and towns must implement timely chemical weeding measures, especially focusing on controlling weeds in directly seeded rice fields.
The following are specific chemical weeding methods:
1. **Live Rice Fields:**
(1) **Pre-emergence soil treatment after sowing:** After direct seeding, once the seeds have germinated and the field has been flooded, apply 100–120 ml of 30% Saporite per acre mixed with 30 kg of water. Evenly spray the solution onto the wet soil surface and keep it moist for 3–4 days. Avoid flooding or excessive water accumulation, as this may cause phytotoxicity. Note: Saporite should only be used on fields where the rice has already germinated. For dry-seeded fields, ensure the soil is covered after sowing. Once the field dries naturally, apply 120 ml of 42% diammonium EC per acre mixed with 30 kg of water. Keep the field moist but avoid adding water after application. Ensure the field is level and drainage ditches are properly maintained. Do not disturb the seedbed after sowing, as this can damage the young rice shoots and reduce emergence rates.
(2) **Post-emergence shoot and leaf treatment:** During the 1.5–3-leaf stage of weeds, apply 60 ml of 2.5% Penoxsulam Sulfonate oil suspension (Ojachi) per acre, evenly spraying the stems and leaves of the weeds. Before application, drain the field and re-flood it with a shallow layer of water 1–2 days later. Keep the water for 3–5 days. For older weeds (3–4 leaves), such as Echinochloa crusgalli, use 60–80 ml of 10% Cyhalofop-ester EC (in daughter's milk) per acre, applying it to the stems and leaves. Re-flood the field the next day and maintain water for 3–5 days. Note: Do not mix Indigenous herbicides with organophosphorus pesticides, and avoid liquid drift during spraying to prevent crop damage.
2. **Large Seedlings Transplanted into Paddy Fields:** Use 40 grams of 14% straw per acre 6–7 days after transplanting, once the rice has recovered. Apply the mixture to a 3–5 cm water layer, mixing 20 kg of fine soil per acre and applying it evenly. Keep the water for 4–5 days and allow the field to dry naturally. Note: Strawweed and similar weeds are sensitive to certain crops, so avoid applying the herbicide near aquatic vegetable fields.
3. **Transplanting Seedlings and Throwing Seedlings into the Field:** Apply 40–50 grams of phenanthroline benzyl per acre, or 100–125 grams of 30% butyl benzyl per acre (6–7 days after machine transplanting or seedling transplantation). After the field has a shallow water layer, mix the herbicide with 20 kg of fine soil and apply it evenly. Keep the water for 4–5 days and allow the field to dry naturally. Note: The field should be uniformly covered, and areas with dew or water leakage should be avoided. Maintaining water after application is crucial for effective control, but do not submerge the rice leaves.