To timely carry out chemical weeding on paddy fields
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Weeds in rice fields during the seedling stage can cause significant damage, especially when left uncontrolled. Common weed species include valerian, chinensis, and sedges, which are broad-leaved weeds that compete with rice plants for light, nutrients, and water. This competition can lead to a 2-3% reduction in yield and more than a 50% decrease in grain weight in severe cases. In some areas, entire fields can turn into grasslands if not managed properly.
To prevent such losses, all local offices and towns must implement timely chemical weeding strategies, particularly in direct-seeded rice fields. Here are the recommended methods:
1. **Live Rice Fields:**
(1) **Pre-emergence soil treatment after sowing:**
After direct seeding, apply 30% Saporite at a rate of 100–120 ml per acre mixed with 30 kg of water, ensuring even coverage. Keep the soil surface moist for 3–4 days without flooding to avoid phytotoxicity. Note: This treatment is suitable only for germinated seeds. For dry-seeded fields, apply 42% diammonium EC at 120 ml per acre after the soil has dried naturally. Maintain moisture but avoid water accumulation.
(2) **Post-emergence shoot and leaf treatment:**
During the 1.5–3 leaf stage of weeds, spray 60 ml of 2.5% Penoxsulam Sulfonate oil suspension (Ojachi) per acre. Drain the field before application, then refill with a shallow water layer 1–2 days later and keep it for 3–5 days. For older weeds (3–4 leaves), use 10% Cyhalofop-ester EC at 60–80 ml per acre, followed by watering the next day and maintaining a shallow water layer for 3–5 days. Avoid mixing with organophosphorus pesticides to prevent damage.
2. **Transplanted Seedlings in Paddy Fields:**
Apply 14% straw herbicide at 40 grams per acre 6–7 days after transplanting. Create a 3–5 cm water layer, mix the herbicide with 20 kg of fine soil, and apply it evenly. Keep the water for 4–5 days, allowing the field to dry naturally. Note: Strawweed and other sensitive weeds may be affected, so avoid applying near aquatic vegetable fields.
3. **Seedling Transplanting or Direct Seeding:**
Use 40–50 grams of phenanthroline benzyl per acre, or 30% butyl benzyl at 100–125 grams per acre. Apply after 6–7 days post-transplanting or direct seeding, using a shallow water layer. Mix the herbicide with 20 kg of fine soil and apply evenly. Keep the water for 4–5 days, allowing it to dry naturally. Ensure the field is level and free from leaks or puddles. Water retention is crucial for effective control, but avoid submerging the rice leaves.