In August, apple trees enter the peak of their autumn growth cycle. This month's management should focus on enhancing nutrient supply, controlling the growth of new shoots, implementing proper pruning techniques, ensuring healthy leaf development, promoting rapid fruit enlargement, encouraging flower bud formation, and preventing premature fruit drop. Additionally, pest control must be intensified to ensure a bountiful harvest this season. Below are the detailed technical measures for each aspect.
1. **Enhance Nutrient Supply**
For apple trees showing signs of yellowing leaves, uneven coloration, or curled edges, it is crucial to boost their nutrient intake. Apply a foliar spray of boron, molybdenum, magnesium, zinc, and calcium amino acid-based liquid fertilizer diluted at 300 times, or potassium fulvate at 600 times. Spray every 10–15 days, and you can mix it with pesticides if needed. For top dressing, apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to heavily fruit-bearing trees to support fruit growth. Use 1.5–2 kg of high-potassium, low-nitrogen fruit tree fertilizer per mature tree, or 5–6 kg of potassium fulvic acid. Trunk application is also effective—spray the trunk with the same nutrient solution 2–3 times for weak or over-fruiting trees to improve overall health.
2. **Regulate Tree Growth**
For trees that are less vigorous or not bearing well, spray PBOG or PBO control agent at 200 times dilution, or paclobutrazol at 150 times in early August. Focus the spray on new shoots to limit their length, which helps promote fruit size and color development. It is best to spray after 4 p.m. for optimal absorption.
3. **Summer and Autumn Pruning**
Focus on removing leggy branches, cutting back long shoots at pruning sites, and eliminating non-productive branches that block light and air circulation. Remove dense, lower branches to improve canopy structure and promote better fruit development.
4. **Prevent Premature Fruit Drop**
For varieties like Beidou, Hongxing, Chaohong, Shouhong, and the Marshal series, which tend to drop fruit prematurely, spray naphthalene acetic acid at 40 ppm (20% naphthaleneacetic acid: 5g in 30–40 liters of water) 1–2 times in August. Target the fruit stems and shake the trees gently to enhance color development and reduce fruit drop.
5. **Strengthen Pest Control**
Focus on controlling early defoliation. If heavy rain occurs, use fast-acting pesticides such as Type 9281 for immediate treatment. Ensure the pesticide dries and adheres to the leaves for maximum effectiveness. These treatments typically last about 7 days. After sunny weather, switch to long-lasting, eco-friendly options like bacteriochlorin, polyoxin, or other safe pesticides.
6. **Flood Control and Weeding**
In rainy seasons, drain excess water promptly after rainfall. Pay special attention to black clay orchards to prevent root damage. Regular weeding is essential—cut down weeds or use herbicides like glyphosate (30 times dilution) mixed with a surfactant (1,000 times) to enhance effectiveness. Alternatively, use 300 grams of a non-residual herbicide at 1,000 times dilution for quick weed control without harming the trees.
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