Potassium Fertilizer Applied in Late Apple Growth
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Potassium is a crucial nutrient for fruit trees, particularly when it comes to enhancing the quality of apples. That's why it's often referred to as "fruit fertilizer." Proper potassium application can significantly improve fruit size, sugar content, and color development. It also helps in achieving a vibrant fruit color, smooth skin texture, and better flavor, all of which contribute to improved overall fruit quality. Additionally, potassium strengthens the tree’s resistance to pests, diseases, and improves its ability to withstand storage and transportation.
So, what does "timely" mean in this context? Apple trees absorb relatively little potassium during the early growth stages, but their demand increases over time. The peak absorption period typically occurs in the late growth phase, usually from early July to early August. Applying the right amount of potash fertilizer during this window can have a dramatic impact on fruit development. However, if you apply the same amount of potassium too early—such as in early spring or during flowering—it may not make a noticeable difference in yield or fruit coloration.
Now, what about the "right amount"? A general guideline is to apply approximately 1 kg of pure potassium per 100 kg of fruit produced. Over-application, however, can harm the tree by disrupting its physiological balance and reducing the uptake of other essential nutrients. For example, excessive potassium can lead to magnesium deficiency and lower calcium levels in the tree, which can negatively affect fruit quality and tree health.
When applying potash fertilizer, it's best to choose potassium sulfate, as it offers high efficiency and quick absorption. Potassium chloride follows closely behind in effectiveness. Organic sources like wood ash or well-composted chicken manure, which are rich in potassium, can also be used. These should be applied under the tree and then lightly watered in. Foliar applications can further enhance results—using a 0.3% to 0.5% solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or diluting amino acid-based potassium at 300 to 500 times can provide an extra boost, especially during critical growth stages.
By understanding the timing, dosage, and type of potassium fertilizer, growers can maximize the benefits and ensure healthier, more productive apple trees.