Greenhouse strawberry management don't relax
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To grow strawberries out of season, there are numerous detailed technical steps that must be carefully managed. Only through proper execution can farmers achieve higher yields and better profits in greenhouse strawberry production. In this article, the author outlines common challenges faced by farmers during the growing process and provides practical solutions.
First, one of the key issues is the improper use of gibberellin to break dormancy and promote growth. Farmers often struggle with understanding the right timing and concentration for application. It is important to select varieties with shallow dormancy, which require higher temperatures to flower early, have strong cold resistance, good growth, viable pollen, regular fruit size, fewer deformed fruits, high yield, and superior quality. Varieties like Fengxiang, Chunxiang, Qixiang, Jingxiang, Mingbao, Baojiaoshengsheng, and Guinuogan are all suitable for off-season cultivation. Among these, Fengxiang and Guinuigan are the most commonly promoted. Before plants enter dormancy, insulation measures should be taken to prevent them from going dormant and allow continuous growth. For those that fail to break dormancy, a spray of gibberellin is necessary to stimulate growth and early flowering. However, many farmers lack control over this technique. They often don’t know when dormancy has ended or what concentration of gibberellin to use. The simplest way to determine if a plant has broken dormancy is to check whether it is standing upright and actively growing. If the plants are lying flat on the ground, they are still dormant. At this point, a 5–10 ppm solution of gibberellic acid should be applied. Increasing the concentration may cause excessive growth, delay flowering, and result in missed market opportunities, leading to financial losses. Spraying should occur about 20 days after insulation, typically around mid to late November. The spray should be evenly applied to the heart and leaves to encourage early flowering of the top buds.
Second, many farmers are unaware of proper pollination techniques. Since off-season cultivation limits natural pollinators like insects and wind, artificial pollination becomes essential. The simplest method is to introduce bees into the greenhouse. Some farmers neglect this step, resulting in misshapen or unformed fruits, which significantly reduces profit. Pollination can also be done manually using a fan or a brush.
Third, failing to remove old leaves in a timely manner is another issue. The most severe disease affecting strawberries is gray mold, which thrives on dead leaves. To reduce the risk of disease, it's crucial to regularly remove old and diseased leaves, thereby minimizing the disease source.
Fourth, improper fertilization practices can hinder productivity. To ensure high yields, farmers should apply fertilizer water regularly. Starting from the first fruit enlargement stage, fertilizer should be applied every 20 days. A typical dose is about 10 kilograms per acre of compound fertilizer, avoiding potassium chloride-based formulas. The best method is to dissolve the fertilizer in water and apply it through irrigation, ensuring even distribution and efficient nutrient uptake.