Greenhouse strawberry management don't relax
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To produce strawberries out of season, a number of more detailed and technical steps must be carefully managed. Only through proper handling can farmers achieve higher yields and better quality in greenhouse strawberry cultivation. In this article, the author outlines the common challenges that farmers face during the process and provides practical solutions to address them.
First, one of the key issues is the improper use of gibberellin to break dormancy and promote growth. Farmers often struggle with understanding the right timing and concentration for application. The ideal varieties for off-season cultivation are those with shallow dormancy, high temperature requirements, early maturity, strong cold resistance, vigorous growth, good pollen viability, uniform fruit size, fewer deformed fruits, and high yield. Varieties such as Fengxiang, Chunxiang, Qixiang, Jingxiang, Mingbao, Baojiaoshengsheng, and Guinuogan are well-suited for this purpose. Among these, Fengxiang and Guinuigan are the most commonly promoted. Before entering dormancy, some insulation measures should be taken to keep the plants growing. For those that fail to break dormancy, spraying with gibberellin can help stimulate growth and flowering. However, many farmers lack the knowledge to apply it correctly. They often don’t know when dormancy has ended or what concentration to use. A simple way to determine if the plant has broken dormancy is to check whether the leaves are standing upright. If they are lying flat on the ground, it means dormancy is still active. At this point, a 5–10 ppm solution of gibberellin should be sprayed. It's important not to increase the concentration, as this may cause excessive growth, delay flowering, and result in missed market opportunities. The best time to spray is about 20 days after starting heat preservation, usually around mid to late November. The spray should be applied evenly, covering the center and leaves to encourage early flowering of the top buds.
Second, many farmers are unaware of effective pollination techniques. Since off-season cultivation eliminates natural pollinators like bees and wind, artificial pollination becomes essential. Some farmers neglect this step, leading to misshapen fruits or even no fruit at all, which significantly reduces profits. Simple methods like using a fan or a brush can be effective. Alternatively, introducing bees into the greenhouse is a highly recommended approach.
Third, timely removal of old and diseased leaves is crucial. The most severe disease affecting strawberries is gray mold, which thrives on dead leaves. Removing these leaves promptly helps reduce the risk of infection and minimizes disease spread.
Fourth, fertilization must be done on time to ensure healthy growth and high yield. From the first stage of fruit enlargement, it's necessary to apply fertilizer every 20 days. Each application should be around 10 kilograms per acre of compound fertilizer, avoiding those based on potassium chloride. The best method is to dissolve the fertilizer in water and apply it through irrigation to ensure even distribution and efficient nutrient uptake.