The principle and application of water purifier

The ion exchange softening process of water is a hard mineral, mainly a process in which calcium and magnesium are exchanged or replaced by sodium. These minerals are ionic in nature, which means that they carry a charge, and because of the repulsive charge of the same kind of charge, the heterogeneous charges attract each other, so ion exchange is possible.

The calcium and magnesium ions in the water are actually dissolved ore. When water flows through the rock and soil, it dissolves deposits of calcium and magnesium, which eventually enter the groundwater layer. When water is pumped from the groundwater to the surface, the water contains dissolved hard minerals, which are called hard water.

The water softener exchanges the calcium and magnesium hard mineral dissolved in the water with the soft mineral sodium on the softener resin. All three minerals are positively charged ions called cations. In a suitable pressure vessel, the hard mineral-containing water can undergo an ion exchange reaction through the ion exchange resin. In modern water softeners, there are millions of fine polystyrene/divinylbenzene plastic balls, all of which contain many negative charge exchange sites that attract positive ions. These negative charge exchange sites are occupied by positively charged sodium ions when the resin is in a regenerative state. When calcium and magnesium pass through the resin sump, they come into contact with the resin pellets, and the sodium ions are replaced from the exchange sites to be removed.