The Causes and Remedial Measures of Watermelon's Little Female Flowers in Rainy Weather
In recent years, in some parts of Guangxi, Jiangxi, Anhui, Henan, and Shandong, we have encountered persistent rainy weather during the early flowering period of watermelon, resulting in fewer female flowers on the watermelon plant, and no serious plant formation. Wherever this phenomenon occurs, most of the varieties cultivated by melon farmers are those with strong growth potential and large-fruit type mid-late-maturing varieties. Analysis of the main causes of the following points: Remedy: 1. If watermelons reach the flowering stage and reach the flowering stage, they should dig drainage drainage in time and strengthen the prevention of diseases and insect pests. Rainy areas should be cultivated with high mulching film. Natural Sweeteners
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First, lack of light: watermelon is hi light crops, if there is insufficient low-temperature light can cause plant organs and poor development. Plants can not fully carry out photosynthesis, stem and leaf growth is not substantial, the accumulation of assimilation products within the plant, affecting the differentiation of female flowers, although the formation of female flowers, but its quality decreased after sitting melon more melon or deformity.
Second, the soil humidity is too large: This is the main reason for less female flowers and melons. Excessive soil moisture can cause leggy seedlings to delay flower bud differentiation, especially to postpone the formation of female flowers and reduce the number of female flowers. It is not easy to sit on melon and cause fruit drop and fruit drop.
Third, the application of nitrogen fertilizer is too much: the plant vegetative growth is too prosperous, the leaves between the nodes become longer, reproductive growth is inhibited, female and male flowers are difficult to form. The growth of stems and leaves consumes a lot of nutrients, and the nutrients supplied to the flowers and fruits are relatively reduced. The young melons will fall off due to lack of nutrition, which is the main reason for less female flowers and melons. Some melon farmers said that I have applied so many nitrogen fertilizers to watermelon every year. Why did not this phenomenon occur? This is mainly due to low soil moisture, underdeveloped root systems, and insufficient nitrogen absorption, so the plants did not grow cropped. However, in the event of rainy weather before the flowering period, the melon farmers also produced according to previous management methods. It will make the plants grow longer and more prosperous and unable to sit and live. Even there is no female flower formation at all.
Fourth, the temperature is too high: the first female flower of watermelon is formed, it begins when the third true leaf reveals the heart, and the second female flower begins to differentiate when it reaches the fifth true leaf. Tests have shown that lower temperatures favor the differentiation of flower buds in watermelon and increase the proportion of female flowers. Therefore, it is required to cultivate strong seedlings and seedlings at the seedling stage to avoid the formation of tall and weak seedlings. The actual production proves that the long-term growth of tall and weak seedlings is smaller and the plants are weaker, so seedling management is very important. The optimum temperature for the watermelon flowering period is 25°C, and the minimum limit is 18°C. Otherwise, the fruit setting rate is low and it is easy to produce deformed fruit.
Fifth, there is no complete pollination and insemination: watermelon is a dichogamous, flowering melon farmers although artificial pollination, but still can not sit melon or sit melon is also malformed melon. The reason is that when the weather is hot and drought, soil moisture is too high or too much nitrogen fertilizer, the reproductive growth of plants will be stunted, although female flowers, male flowers are open, but the formation of their pollen grains, even without pollen grains, can not be fully inseminated, so there Malformed melon or melon phenomenon.
6. Inappropriate Intercropping and Diseases and Insect Pests: Watermelon intercropping should ensure good ventilation and light transmission, such as severe shading, poor ventilation will directly affect the growth of watermelon, and it is not easy to sit melons. Pest damage can cause young larvae to be harmed, and it can also cause melons.
Second, the application of nitrogen fertilizer is too much, the female flowers on the plant less, can be applied to open the ditch phosphorus fertilizer, the amount of 15 kg per mu. Reasonable pruning, the general watermelon to stay 3 vines, the main vine, side vines can stay melon. Cucumber or other plant growth regulators can be used during flowering and fruit setting.
Third, when the length of melon vines does not exceed 3 meters, there are female flowers on the plants and artificially-assisted pollination should be performed. In rainy weather, the female flowers that were opened the next day should be put on paper hats in the afternoon of the first day to be marked. The next morning after the powder is finished, put on a paper hat. The male flower can be used for the pollen of ordinary watermelon varieties such as Qingnong 3, Jingxin No. 1 and Admiralty Guanlong, and the ordinary watermelon variety sitting on the melon plant plot (cannot be used). Male flowers of seedless watermelon). The pollination method is: Before 5 o'clock in the morning, pick male buds of ordinary watermelons, and put male flower buds in pots, cups, or containers that can maintain the humidity, and cover the plant leaves on the containers to keep the humidity. At 6-9am, when the female flowers are open, the males that are picked will naturally open and can be pollinated artificially. Each male flower can grant 2-3 female flowers.
4. When the melon vines grow to 3-5 meters, there are no female flowers on the plants. They should immediately cut out some of the three vines. Each vine should have a length of 1.5 meters, so that it can grow new vines. The closer to the root, the better, the main side of the cranberry leaves a new vine. When the watermelon grows up to the size of the egg, topdressing should be carried out in time. Topdressing nitrogen fertilizer and potash 15 kg per mu is a ratio of 1:1. During the drought and water shortage, five-thousandths of the amount of phosphate fertilizer was poured.
5. When the watermelon planting density is too large (more than 500 plants per acre), some plants should be removed, and the number of plants under the control of 500 plants per acre should be kept at 350 per mu. Then follow the above approach.
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