Yuan Hu's medicinal functions
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Yuan Hu, also known as Yan Husuo or Xuan Hu, is a perennial herb belonging to the Papaveraceae family. It is commonly referred to as “Zhi Ba Wei†and has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating conditions related to Atractylodes macrocephala, Paeonia lactiflora, and Fritillaria. The historical use of Yuan Hu is documented in the "Kai Bao Materia Medica," where it is described as warm in nature, bitter in taste, and effective in promoting circulation, regulating qi, and relieving pain. It is especially valued for its potent analgesic properties.
In the "Compendium of Materia Medica," Li Shizhen summarized the four key functions of Yuan Hu: "promoting blood circulation, regulating qi, relieving pain, and promoting urination." He also highlighted its ability to break up stagnation in both the blood and qi, making it a powerful remedy for various ailments.
Yuan Hu contains over 10 alkaloids, including tertiary amines such as tetrahydropalmatine and quaternary amines like dehydrogenated fumarate. Among these, tetrahydropalmatine is the most potent in terms of pain relief and exhibits strong sedative effects. Modern pharmacological research indicates that Yuan Hu can significantly lower the pain threshold, increase coronary blood flow, improve myocardial ischemia, and demonstrate lipid-lowering effects in experimental models of atherosclerosis.
Due to its sedative, analgesic, and coronary-enhancing properties, large doses of Yuan Hu (up to 30 grams) are currently used in clinical practice, often combined with other herbs to enhance its effects. This combination has shown remarkable results in treating conditions such as coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. Its versatility and efficacy continue to make it a valuable component in both traditional and modern medical practices.