Winter Peanut Field

Earthworms are the main underground pests that harm peanuts. In recent years, due to the adjustment of planting structure, the increase of multiple cropping index, combined with appropriate climatic conditions and lack of effective control technology, the damage to peanuts has been increasing year by year. Affected peanuts generally reduce production by 10% to 20%, severely reduce production by 60% to 70%, and even eliminate harvest, seriously affecting the output and quality of peanuts, becoming the most important factor restricting the production of peanuts, and even becoming the most worrying issue for peanut farmers in some areas. problem. In the meantime, although the hazard period of the cockroach has passed, if it can take favorable measures when it is overwintering, it can greatly reduce its wintering base and reduce the harm in the coming year.
First, the morphological characteristics, also known as chafers, the current damage to peanuts are mainly North China black cockchafers, dark cocoons, beetles, beetles, yellow-brown beetles and so on. Larvae, body hypertrophy, body shape curved C-shaped, mostly white, a few yellow-white. The body wall is soft and wrinkled, and the body surface is sparsely fine hair. The head is large and round, mostly yellow-brown. Adults are 16 to 21 mm long, oblong, dark brown or black, shiny. The mature larvae are 35 to 41 millimeters long and wrinkled in their bodies. They are bent into a C shape at rest. The head is tan and the crotch is milky white. The beak is about 20 millimeters long, yellow-white at first, then orange-yellow, with a small head, slightly curved downwards, and a pair of prongs at the end of the abdomen.
Second, living habits and the law of the occurrence of North China big black cockchafer to complete a generation to 1 to 2 years, with adults and 3rd instar larvae in the winter in the soil. The dark brown beetle, the beetle, the beetle, and the brown beetle occur for one generation in 1 year, and basically they use 3rd instar larvae to overwinter in the soil, but there are also a few adult wintering phenomena. Adults lurk in the soil during the daytime and fly out of feeding and cocooning at 8 to 9 o'clock in the evening. They also drilled into the soil before dawn and have suspended animation and phototaxis, and they tend to have a tendency toward unfaded manure. Adults lay their eggs in the soil 10 to 15 days after mating. The peak period of spawning is from June to July. Each female can lay about 100 eggs. Larvae live in the soil and endanger the roots of crops as well as the fruit that eats peanuts. The damage period is from August to September. The soil moisture activity is strengthened, especially continuous rainy weather. In the spring and autumn, it is active on the topsoil. In summer, it is mostly in the early morning and nighttime to the topsoil. Adults feed on peanuts, soybeans, fruit tree leaves, etc., and have the habit of investing in real estate eggs.
Third, agricultural control methods
1. A large area of ​​spring and autumn plowing pick up insects with the plow, intensive cultivation, remove field weeds, leaves, etc., do not apply unripe organic fertilizer.
2. Poor resistance to water, if you keep the soil in a muddy state for more than 3 days, you can all die. Therefore, there are areas where water can be poured in the winter irrigation before and after November, which can reduce the hazards and achieve a good control effect.

Thiophanate-methyl 
It is a kind of broad-spectrum hypotoxic fungicide with internal absorption, prevention and treatment. 
It can effectively control the disease of many crops, such as wheat, rice, sweet potato, etc.
 It is mainly used for leaf spray and can also be used for soil treatment 
1, vegetables, disease prevention and control Prevention and control of cucumber powdery mildew, anthrax, eggplant, onion, celery, tomatoes, Beans and other mould, anthrax, sclerotium disease, available 50% wettable powder 1000-1500 times liquid, and at the beginning of the disease, spray once every 7 to 10 days, continuous spray 3-4 times;Prevention and treatment of lettuce gray mold, sclerotinia, available 50% wettable powder 700 times liquid spray.
Methyl sulfur bacteria spirit
2, disease prevention and control of flowers For dahlia flower rot, Chinese rose leaf spot, hitom resistant, clivia leaf spot have certain control effect.In general, use per acre 50% wettable powder 83-125 grams, the conventional water spray, spray a total of 3-5 times.
3, fruit tree diseases prevention and control
Apple ring spot, anthracnose available 50% wettable powder 400-600 times liquid spray, spray once every 10 days.
Grape leaf spot, anthracnose, mould, peach brown rot, etc., can be used 50% wettable powder 600-800 times liquid spray;
Citrus storage of penicillium, green mildew, immediately after the citrus picking with 40% rubber suspension agent 400-600 times liquid, dip the fruit 2-3 minutes, remove to frame up to dry.
4, wheat and barley diseases prevention and control Of wheat and barley smut, available 50% wettable powder 200 grams of 4 kg seed 100 kg of water, and then the tightness of 6 hours;The high 3, beginning flowering plants, 5 to 7 days after spraying the second time available per acre 50% wettable powder 75-100 grams.
5, other crop disease prevention and control of tobacco, mulberry powdery mildew, available 50% wettable powder 300-400 mg/kg of liquid spray;Disease ChengFa periods, the peanut leaf spot, can use 50% wettable powder 200-250 mg/kg liquid spraying, interval of 2 weeks, spray 3 times;Sweet potato black rot, available 50% wettable powder 500-1000 mg/kg seed potato solution for 10 minutes. 
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Agricultural Thiophanate-Methyl

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