Jujube high quality and high yield cultivation techniques
First, pruning 1. Pruning period 1) Winter cut Winter pruning is the dormant pruning. After jujube deciduous to pre-emergence. The main purpose is to adjust the tree structure, cultivate the tree shape, eliminate large branches, and use dynamic saws as the main method. 2) Spring shearing In mid-April to early May, the budding stage was carried out. The main branches were dredging and brushing. The appropriate amount of branches and leaves was maintained and the growth of each part of the tree was adjusted. 3) Summer shearing is carried out from late May to mid-June, mainly to picking the heart and processing the secondary branches. 3. The main tree shape 1) trunk sparse layer suitable for dry varieties. Dry height 50cm, tree height 3m. The advantages are a solid skeleton, a large load, and a long life. 2) Naturally happy shapes are suitable for weak dryness. Dry height 60cm, tree height 2.5m. The advantage is that the tree body is small, the tree posture is open, the management is convenient, and the air and light transmission are good. 3) The free spindle shape is suitable for strong and dry varieties. Dry height 50cm, tree height 2-2.5m. There are 10 to 12 main branches with evenly distributed 2-3 branches. The advantage is that it is formed faster, enters the early fruit period, and has a lighter trim. 4. Technical methods 1) Fixed 50-60 cm in the mountains and 70-80 cm in the plains. 2) Sparse Scraping Excessive branches, such as dense crowding, crossing, overlapping, dead, disease, insect, and weakness, are removed from the base. 3) Short cuts Cut a part of the annual jujube head, cut 1-3 secondary branches and cut off 1cm at the same time to stimulate the secondary buds to sprout at the base of the second branch, which is called a scissors block and two scissors. 4) Retraction Suppresses growth, slenderness, connection between branches, and various shoots that affect the growth of shoots, cut short at the appropriate site, cut off the secondary branch under the cut, and stimulate the buds to sprout. 5) Pull the branches to grow upright branches, use support, pull, hanging and other methods to adjust the angle of the branches to an appropriate degree. 6) Carved buds were inscribed at 1cm above the bud in the bare part of the bud to stimulate the germination of the bud. 7) Wiping buds on the buds of various types, the need to retain, redundant erase, reduce nutrient consumption. 8) At the beginning of the flowering process, the first part of the fresh jujube and the second branch will be removed to control the growth of the jujube head, adjust the nutrition of the tree, and reduce the falling fruit. The strong growth of the remaining 5-6 secondary branches, the growth of moderate to stay 3-4. 9) In addition to the germination, the seedlings sprouted at the base of the trunk and around it are removed in time to avoid the consumption of nutrients. VI. Pest Control Jujube pests and diseases include date rust, jujube disease, fruit shrinking disease, anthrax, ringworm disease, brown rot disease, bitter pit disease, jujube cockroach, juvenile armyworm, jujube buzzard, scale insect, stink bug, leaf Tick, red spider, moth, and so on. 1. Comprehensive Prevention Strengthen the management of the jujube garden, reasonably pruning, increase tree vigor, timely drainage in the rainy season, and prevent the orchard from getting too wet. In the late autumn, the leaves should be completely removed and burned in a concentrated manner. 2. Chemical control 1) Disease: Jujube madness with Jujube No. 1 and Jujube No. 2 trunk injection solution can cure the diseased tree year after year, and jujube dates in two years. The regular application of compound Zaohongbao for fruit shrinkage can reduce the incidence of contraction disease from more than 80% to less than 15%. Before the germination of other diseases, 5 Baumeidu lime sulfur was sprayed under the tree in the whole garden, and triadimefon or thiophanate-methyl was sprayed in the middle and late June. The mancozeb and rust may be sprayed every 15 days to 20 days in early July. Ling, Triadimefol, a total of 2 ~ 3 times, in late July, spray a Bordeaux fluid, other diseases can be controlled. 2) Insect pests: The juvenile Mosquitoes should be treated with dichlorvos and diflubenzuron before leaf rolling in spring. On the 10th day after the first generation occurred, spraying once more was generally enough to control the occurrence of subsequent generations. Before and after the harvest of the scale insects, the newly hatched larvae climbed out of their mothers, and the oleagranate was used to prevent and control the wax shells in the critical period when no wax was secreted. When jujube and elephants occur, they are controlled by the enemy's killing emulsifiable concentrate. The jujube stepper and moths were treated with pyrethroid pesticides. In July-October, Tianniu used a small shovel to remove the top soil around the root neck, find the worm hole, use a syringe to inject dichlorvos emulsion or pyrethrin pesticide into the wormhole, and plug the wormhole with mud. Kill the longhorn larvae. Medical High-polymer Tube Products Nebuliser Mask,Nebulizer Mask ,Laryngeal Mask Airway,Nebulizer Mask And Tubing Surgimed Medical Supplies Co.,Ltd , https://www.surgimedcn.com
Second, soil, fertilizer, water management 10-11 months to apply a base fertilizer, to circle fertilizer, chicken manure, green manure, mixed with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, fertilization per acre of less than 5000 kilograms. Dig deep 60-80 cm on both sides of the trunk. Top dressing three times a year, the first before germination, the second before Xiehua, and the third one before harvesting. Generally 0.1-0.5 kg of urea or multiple compound fertilizer per plant, foliar spraying fertilizer spraying once every 20 days from the exhibition leaf to the harvest, 0.3% urea plus 0.3% The borax solution was later sprayed with phosphorus potassium fertilizer. Watering topdressing four times a year. The soil is cultivated in combination with the intercropping of the crops, and no intercropping can be done to loosen the soil to protect the soil.