Banana conventional breeding
Cultivated bananas are progeny by means of vegetative budding. Daejeon produces bananas. In the past, multi-propagation of buds and propagation of underground bulbs and propagation of seedlings have increased the reproductive rate, but they still cannot meet the needs and are easy to bring pests and diseases. At present, these two conventional breeding methods are only used in a few places. 1, underground stem cuttings breeding The use of underground stem cutting seedlings is generally dug out from November to December. The large stems can be cut into 7-8 pieces, and the small ones are cut into two pieces. Each piece leaves a strong bud, and the weight is over 120 grams. On the plant ash, according to the spacing of 15 cm 15 cm, shoots face upwards, flat on the surface, cover a thin layer of soil, and then cover some straw. In January-February of the following year, when the height of the banana plant is 40-50 cm, the seedlings can be planted and planted. The seedlings bred by this method can be flowered at the same time with the same period of fixed buds, and there is no difference in yield. However, we must pay attention to the selection of disease-free and robust mother plants, otherwise it is very difficult to avoid transmission of bunchy top disease. 2, sucking buds The buds and buds sprouting 40-50 cm in height, which were unearthed in March-April, were used for the propagation of the ramets. Sword buds, that is, buds that sprouted in spring and summer, resemble bamboo shoots, and the leaves are small as swords. The buds are planted with long leaves first, then long roots and young seedlings. Also known as winter buds, buds are buds that sprouted from the lower part of the underground stems at the end of the previous year's autumn. They were named because they had fallen from the leaves after winter and resembled a rag. After the buds are planted, they are first long-rooted and later long-leaved, and they grow rapidly with earlier results. When using ramets, use a special long-handled spatula to cut away from the point where the buds are connected to the mother plant, so as to minimize damage to the underground stem of the mother plant. Sucking buds must have their own underground stems, which are easy to survive after colonization. The incisions are best coated with plant ash and allowed to colonize after drying. Can not choose to grow thin parent plant or fruit stem after the harvest stem buds large stems, the seedlings grow weak, the result is late, with its bud proliferation prone to beam top disease. In order to reduce the pests and diseases caused by the banana seedlings, the banana seedlings must be consumed and processed. The method is: using a small amount of Bordeauxite lime (0.5 kg copper sulfate, quicklime 0.175 kg, add water 50 kg), or 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times, or 50% thiophanate WP 1000 times, To eradicate anthrax and leafy stalk germs, 40% Dimethoate Emulsion 2000 times can be used to eliminate the aphid toxins and prevent the occurrence of bunchy top disease.
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