The application of wind turbines in the metallurgical industry and the application of future development trends and the future application and future development of wind turbines in the metallurgical industry
The Goji Berry, also called the wolfberry, is a bright orange-red
berry that comes from a shrub that's native to China. In Asia, goji
berries have been eaten for generations in the hope of living longer.
Over time, people have used goji berries to try to treat many common health problems like diabetes, high blood pressure, fever, and age-related eye problems. Goji berries are eaten raw, cooked, or dried (like raisins) and are used in herbal teas, juices, wines, and medicines.
Goji Berry Dark Red Goji Berry,Dried Red Berry,Dried Organic Goji Berry,Pure Authentic Wolfberry Ningxia Rich Resource International Co., Ltd , https://www.richresources-nx.com
Keywords: fan compressor sintering induced draft fan
The fan is a general term for the machine for discharging gas. According to its exhaust pressure, it is divided into a fan (p≤15000Pa), a blower (15000Pa<p≤1.96×105Pa) and a turbo compressor (p>1.96× 105Pa).
First, the application of fans in the metallurgical industry
Fans play a very important role in the smelting process of steel and other metal materials.
From ore to refining steel, it is necessary to go through major smelting processes such as ore sintering, iron making and steel making, that is, all processes in steel smelting require fans.
1. Sintering fan
The ore used for smelting is sintered before the smelting, the sintering machine is used for sintering, and the main exhaust fan and cooling fan are required for the sintering furnace. For example, a medium-sized steel plant has two ore sintering workshops, a workshop with 5 sets of 62.5 m2 sintering machines, and 29 wind turbines are used, of which 18 are used in the sintering machine; the other is equipped with a workshop of 3 sintering machines of 75 m2. A total of 90 wind turbines were used, of which 8 were used in the sintering machine. Other fans were used for ventilation, dust removal, cooling and cooling.
Centrifugal blowers for pumping and sintering flue gas produced by the fan industry have dozens of model specifications, and several types of performance parameters are listed.
The centrifugal blower for pumping sintering flue gas from D1600 and D2000 produced by Shenyang Blower Factory is a matching equipment for 18~24m2 sintering machine. This type of blower is a single-stage single-suction double-support structure that is directly driven by a motor. The cast iron casing is divided into upper and lower halves horizontally, and the lower casing is mounted on the left and right cast iron bases. The rotor consists of a high-quality carbon steel main shaft, a low-alloy structural steel welding impeller and a bushing. The bearing is a plain bearing.
The main performance parameters of D1600 centrifugal blower: flow rate is 1600m3/min, inlet pressure is 89.73kPa, boosting is 8.33kPa, speed is 1485r/min, power is 334kW.
The centrifugal blower for pumping sintering flue gas from S6500 produced by Shenyang Blower Factory is suitable for 75~90m2 sintering machine. Its structural feature is a single-stage double-suction double-support structure, which is directly connected with the motor by a flexible coupling. The horizontal section of the casing is divided into upper and lower halves and is axially divided into three sections. The left and right sections are two structurally symmetric inlet chambers with upward intake pipes, and the middle section is a volute with horizontal outlet pipes at the lower part. Conical diffuser.
The main performance parameters of S6500 centrifugal blower: flow rate is 6500m3/min, outlet pressure is 101.31kPa, inlet pressure is 89.05kPa, speed is 1475r/min, power is 1640kW.
At present, the large domestic sintering blower of Zui is the SJ16000 model produced by Shaanxi Blower Factory with a flow rate of 16000m3/min and a power of 5000kW.
2, coke oven gas delivery blower
Coke is the main fuel and reducing agent for smelting steel. It is also the proppant and loosening agent for the granules in the blast furnace. The gas in the coke oven is pumped out by the fan, and part of it is used as fuel for the coke oven. As part of the fuel, another part is used to produce other by-products.
The typical representative product of coke oven gas transmission is the D1250-31 centrifugal blower produced by Shenyang Blower Factory. Its main structural feature is that the unit consists of an electric motor, a gear speed increaser, a centrifugal blower, a lubrication system and an instrument control system. The casing is a horizontal split structure, and the bearing box has a horizontal longitudinal positioning keyway to keep the body well centered and can adapt to the thermal expansion of the casing; the bearing box is integrally molded with the casing, and the rigidity is enhanced for easy disassembly and maintenance.
The rotor is composed of a main shaft, three impellers, a spacer sleeve, a balance disc and a semi-coupling; the impeller is made of a high-strength alloy steel welded structure.
The bearing is divided into two parts: the support bearing and the thrust bearing. The support bearing is an elliptical tile sliding bearing, and the thrust bearing is a Mitchell double-sided thrust sliding bearing.
The seal is arranged between the stages, the inlet of the impeller, the periphery of the balance disc and the ends of the shaft, all of which are sealed by a labyrinth.
Its main performance parameters: inlet flow is 1250m3/min, inlet pressure is 98.07kPa, outlet pressure is 311.82kPa, spindle speed is 4776r/min, power is 3670kW.
3, blast furnace blower
In the process of pig iron smelting, a certain amount of combustion air (or oxygen) must be delivered to the blast furnace by a blast furnace blower to increase the temperature inside the furnace. In addition, it is necessary to send the combustion air to the centrifugal fan in the hot air furnace.
Oxygen is in the steel industry to strengthen the smelting process. In steelmaking, it is used in oxygen top-blown converter steelmaking, oxygen bottom-blowing converter steelmaking, open-hearth melting pool blowing oxygen steelmaking, electric furnace oxygen steelmaking, and the like. In particular, oxygen top-blown converter steelmaking has become a major way for the steel industry to leap forward. Steelmaking uses a very large amount of oxygen, which is obtained by deep freezing from the air using an air separation plant. Air compressors, oxygen compressors, heating blowers and turboexpanders must be used in each oxygen generator, which is commonly referred to as the "four oxygen generators".
The typical representative product of the blast furnace blower is the axial compressor A series (the stationary blade is not adjustable) and the AV series (the fixed vane adjustable) produced by Shaanxi Blower Factory. Its main performance parameters: A40~A112, flow range 65~680 (×103Nm3/h), pressure ratio 2.9~7.7, speed 3410~9549r/min, power 33~690 (×102kW).
AV40~AV140, flow range 70~1050 (×103Nm3/h), pressure ratio 2.7~7.2, speed 2524~8833r/min, power 34~900 (×102kW).
4, converter secondary flue gas dust removal fan
The secondary flue gas dedusting system of the converter refers to the flue gas collection and dust removal of each dust point other than the converter flue gas purification and recovery. These include flue gas de-dusting such as converter iron, converter blowing, argon blowing station, hot metal slag station and hot metal pouring station.
Fans used for flue gas dedusting mainly include 4-73, JY5-44 and 5-51.
The 4-73 model is a general-purpose model and has 12 specifications from No. 8 to 28. Its performance range: flow 16156~680000m3/h, pressure 1400~5423Pa, power 18.5~1250kW, speed 480~1450r/min.
JY5-44 type induced draft fan has 12 kinds of specifications from No16~31.5. Its performance range: flow rate 1893~397000m3/h, pressure 1922~10931Pa, power 75~1000kW, speed 580~1450r/min.
The 5-51 type fan has 20 specifications from No. 8 to 29.5 (including 40 types of induced draft fans). The main features of this type of fan are advanced technology such as adjustable air inlet, high-strength wear-resistant impeller, anti-leakage bearing housing and articulated axial adjustment door. Its performance range: flow 9900~583000m3/h, pressure 1468~10095Pa, power 15~1600kW, speed 480~1450r/min.
5. Centrifugal compressor for steel plant power station
A typical product of a centrifugal compressor for a power station is a DH type and SVK type compressor produced by Shenyang Blower Factory.
The DH series is a two-axis four-stage isothermal compressor, and its main models are DH35, DH63, DH71 and DH80. The main performance range: flow 6000~58000Nm3/min, outlet pressure 617~666.9kPa, power 650~5100kW, speed 7784~18982r/min.
The SVK centrifugal compressor was developed on the basis of imported technology. The main feature is the integrated assembly structure, a common base for the compressor, gearbox, intermediate gas cooler and lubricating oil system. The inlet is equipped with imported regulating blades, which is an economical method to optimize the operating performance of the non-operating point of the compressor. The inlet regulating blade is automatically adjusted according to the actual operation of the site, and the constant pressure output of the compressor outlet can be realized in the change of the airflow. Main performance: flow rate 2000~36000m3/h, pressure ratio 2~17.
6. Fan for iron furnace
In addition to the use of fans in the iron and steel smelting process, the iron furnaces (such as cupolas, oil furnaces and pulverized coal furnaces) commonly used in general mechanical foundries require the use of blowers (high-pressure fans or blowers) to pump enough air. Help to burn.
Its typical representative products are H10-13 produced by Jilin City Blower Factory and HTD series iron furnace fan produced by Hubei Province Fan Factory.
H10-13 is a high-pressure centrifugal fan designed for the performance required of the card waist cupola. It is suitable for the blasting of the waist-shaped cupola of the ironmaking rate below 5t/h. There are four specifications in No.6, No.6.3, No.6.9 and No.7.5. The performance range is: flow rate 1690~6980m3/h, pressure 8973~15103Pa, power 15~37kW, speed 2940r/min.
HTD series centrifugal blowers can be equipped with various types of furnace iron furnaces that are common in 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 t/h. Its performance range: flow 12~300m3/h, pressure 6860~27450Pa, power 5.5~185kW, speed 2900~5750r/min.
7. Blast furnace gas residual pressure recovery turbine power generation device
The blast furnace gas residual pressure recovery turbine power generation device (TopGasPressure Recovery Turbine, referred to as TRT device) is an energy recovery device that uses the blast furnace top gas pressure to expand the work through the turbine to drive the generator to generate electricity. The TRT device recovers the energy released by the original pressure reducing valve (about 30% of the energy required by the blast furnace blower), purifies the gas, and improves the control quality of the blast furnace top pressure.
Its product is the TP series produced by Shaanxi Blower Factory. The performance range is: flow rate 1360~1916m3/h, pressure 2.03~2.5kPa (import), 1.09~1.153kPa (export), power 2770kW, speed 3000r/min.
Second, the future development trend
Although there are many types of wind turbines used in the metallurgical industry, they are relatively difficult. They can be divided into three types, namely, axial flow compressors, sintering induced draft fans, and blast furnace gas residual pressure recovery turbines. Power generation unit. Let's take the three types of fans as examples to discuss their future development trends. In general, the above three kinds of wind turbines have higher foreign technology levels than domestic ones, and foreign advanced technology levels are the future development trends that should be actively pursued in China.
1. Axial compressor
The axial compressor has the characteristics of high efficiency, large capacity and wide performance adjustment range. At present, the blast furnaces of more than 1000m3 abroad use axial flow compressors. As an axial compressor for blast furnace blasting, the flow rate has reached 10,000m3/min, the pressure has reached 0.69MPa, and the power has reached 70,000kW.
The main manufacturers of axial flow compressors in foreign countries include Switzerland Sulzer, Germany MANGHH, Japan Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., Kawasaki Heavy Industries Co., Ltd., and American Eliot and DRESER-RAND. The domestic Shaanxi blower factory produces axial flow compressors.
Swiss Sulzer's axial compressors have a unique design structure and good aerodynamic performance (the machine has a variable efficiency of 87%~91%, zui large flow and zui small flow adjustable range more than doubled), and Advanced height and leveling and electronic control system. Its structural characteristics are: the casing is horizontally split, made of gray cast iron (or cast steel), the exhaust side design pressure can reach 0.7~1.2MPa, the rotor is of equal diameter type, multi-stage disc-type structure The moving and static blades are all modified with the original NACA original leaf type. With a fully static vane adjustable structure compared to a fixed vane type compressor, the flow range can be expanded by a factor of two. The company's ARI series axial-centrifugal composite isothermal compressors have a flow range of 1400~7500m3/min and a pressure ratio of 7~11. This product has a high level of technology.
In recent years, in order to improve the efficiency of axial compressors, Sulzer has improved the interstage matching by using the hybrid reaction design method. Reducing the gap between the tip of the bucket and the casing also improves compressor performance and efficiency. In reducing the noise of axial compressors, foreign countries are mostly placed on sound insulation and noise reduction. The measures are: (1) using thickened casting casing to reduce noise scattering; (2) using sound insulation cover and muffler to reduce noise diffusion.
Using the electronic computer as the central command system of the adjustment, the automation of the adjustment of the axial compressor is realized, and the operation is performed.
2, sintering induced draft fan
As the main smoking machine for the sintering machine, the sintering induced draft fan consumes about 50% of the total electricity consumption of the sintering plant. Because the medium to be conveyed is sintering flue gas, the dust content is large, therefore, improving efficiency, reducing energy consumption, strengthening wear resistance measures and improving service life are still the main technical subjects of the sintering induced draft fan.
The air volume of the sintering induced draft fan depends on the sintering area of ​​the sintering machine; the pressure depends on the thickness of the sintered layer.
The large-scale sintering machine (which can produce 1000m2 sintering machine) and the thick material layer (up to 700mm) promote the development of the sintering induced draft fan in the direction of high air volume and high negative pressure. The large flow rate of the zircon of the sintering induced draft fan is 40,000 m3/min, the high pressure of the Zui is 19,620 Pa, and the high power of the Zui is 14,500 kW.
Due to the limitations of manufacturing process conditions and transportation conditions, the sintering induced draft fans for large-scale sintering machines are often in parallel form.
Wear-resisting measures of sintering induced draft fan:
(1) The zigzag middle plate can not only improve the airflow distribution at the impeller outlet and reduce the GD2, but also avoid the flushing of the flue gas to the middle plate;
(2) The blade is provided with a replaceable wear-resistant lining (the surface of the lining is surfacing with tungsten carbide);
(3) Protecting the middle plate from wear by a replaceable cone;
(4) The casing is provided with a scroll liner and a side liner;
(5) coating the surface with a coating of ceramic anti-wear coating, coating resin, quartz powder and water glass;
(6) Surface strengthening treatment Surface surfacing, thermal spraying, boronizing, laser surface hardening and high frequency quenching.
At present, foreign countries are conducting research on the two-phase flow (solid particles and sintering flue gas) for the aerodynamic design calculation of the sintering induced draft fan, trying to further solve the wear problem of the sintering induced draft fan from the aerodynamic aspect.
3. Blast furnace gas residual pressure recovery turbine power generation unit (TRT)
The device is developed in Japan, and the level is high in Japan. According to statistics from 1987, there are 47 blast furnaces of 1500m3 or above, 38 sets of TRT installations, 38 blast furnaces of 2000m3 or more, and 35 sets of TRT installations. At present, regardless of the quality, quantity, and efficiency of TRT devices, Japan is in the forefront of ling.
With the development of blast furnaces towards large-scale and high-pressure furnace roofs, foreign TRT devices have been developed in the direction of dry, axial flow and vane.
The axial flow type turbine rotor is generally grade 2 or grade 3, and the blade type with a reaction degree of 50% is often used, and the rotor blade is made of SUS630 stainless steel with corrosion resistance. The casing is welded with steel plates and can also be made of high-strength cast iron, generally radial intake, axial exhaust (or lower radial exhaust). Shaft seals are generally sealed with nitrogen, and recently non-contact mechanical seals have also been used.
Most of the foreign axial flow type TRT devices adopt the static blade angle adjustment mode to expand the working condition range, which is beneficial to reduce noise, improve the reliability of the expansion turbine, and does not affect the fluctuation of the blast furnace pressure.
Source: Pump Valve Trading Network