Teak introduction must read
Teak introduction must read Biological characteristics: Teak requires higher temperatures from seed germination to growth and development. The annual average temperature in the country of origin is 20-25°C, and the annual accumulated temperature greater than 10°C is 8000-9000°C. It can withstand the absolute maximum temperature of 43-48°C and the absolute minimum temperature of 2°C. The slightly frosty area in the north of Myanmar, which slightly exceeds the tropics, is also naturally distributed. 1. Teak heartwood has a large proportion, yellow-brown to dark brown, dense, wear-resistant, strong, dense and beautiful structure, texture straight, easy processing; under the sun and rain changes in the wet and dry conditions It is resistant to water and fire, and it is resistant to water and fire. It is resistant to termites and sea worms in different sea areas. It is extremely resistant to decay and is listed on the world's ships and ships. At the same time, it is also an excellent material for the construction of seaports, bridge projects, buildings, carriages, furniture, and high-grade wooden floors. At present, mahogany furniture on the market is made of teak raw materials. China leading manufacturers and suppliers of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient, Mupirocin , Mupirocin Calcium, and we specialize in Sodium Fusidate, Fusidic Acid. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient, Mupirocin, Mupirocin Calcium, Fusidic Acid, Sodium Fusidate Manufacturer Fuzhou Contay Biotechnology Co., Ltd , https://www.contaybio.com
In the tropical and southern subtropical regions of China, the annual average temperature of 21-25°C and the annual accumulated temperature of 7500-9000°C are basically in line with the growth requirements of teakwood. The cold wave has little influence on the cultivation areas of Hainan Island and Taiwan, and has little impact on the cultivation areas of Yunnan and Fujian. In Guangxi and Guangdong Provinces, only in some areas and in individual years, when there is a strong cold current, the temperature drops to zero ( -2) °C, will cause teak to suffer chilling situation.
Teak requires plenty of rainfall and a marked monsoon climate in the wet and dry season. The rainfall in the country of origin is mostly between 1,160-3,810 millimeters, up to 5,080 millimeters in individual areas, and has a dry season of 3-5 months or slightly longer. Teakwood is resistant to drought, and its annual rainfall is only 560 millimeters southeast of the Indian Peninsula. It is still natural, but it is not growing well. In regions where there is abundant rainfall and there is no clear transition from the deciduous monsoon rain forest to the evergreen rain forest in the dry season, teak wood is generally not found in natural forests.
The tropical and southern subtropical regions of China belong to the monsoon climate zone. Most of the rainfall is concentrated in summer and autumn, with obvious dry and wet seasons. Except for a few areas where the annual rainfall is below 1000 mm, it is usually between 1200-2000 mm, and in some regions it is about 2500-3000 mm, which is in line with the origin. However, in most regions during the winter and spring, due to the cold air southwards, continuous rain is often caused, which is often a factor that aggravates teak damage.
Different types of teak have different temperature requirements. A species native to northern Thailand and northern Burma with straight trunks requiring a relative humidity of less than 60%; another native India and Indonesia, with generally low trunks and more branches but more resistant to drought, in relative terms Humidity is still only 30% under normal conditions. However, in the long-term hot and dry season, it will also affect growth. The relative humidity in the tropical and southern subtropical regions of China is between 75-85%, which is suitable for the growth and development of teakwood.
Teak is a kind of tree for light. In addition to the initial stage of excavation of small seedlings, short-term lateral shade must be provided. In all stages of growth and development, sufficient light is required. According to the performance of the introduction of various regions, China's tropical and southern subtropical regions, the annual sunshine of about 1500-2500 hours, is also suitable for teak requirements.
There is no typhoon in teak origin, and the conditions for growth and development are more calm. In the tropical and southern subtropical regions of China, except for the fact that Yunnan is basically not affected by typhoons, typhoons occur every year in other regions. Among them, the Guangdong coast and Hainan are the most, followed by Fujian, and Guangxi less. Wind power up to 10-12, usually 8-10. Teak leaf is large and wind resistance is poor. In the fast-growing young forest period, winds of grade 8 will show deciduous, broken branches, sloping, and even broken rods or winds. With the growth of forest age, the wind resistance has gradually increased, and the wind strength of large trees at about level 10 is generally not very serious.
Teak can grow in sandy shale, granite, sandstone, schist, gneiss and other mother rocks and calcareous soils, requiring deep, fertile and moist soils, especially for drainage and good air permeability. In the natural forests where the origin is located in the lower part of the slopes, river banks, and floodplains and other soil conditions are relatively good, teak is a dominant species and grows vigorously. There is generally no growth in coastal sand and tidal areas, and the soil is heavily cemented and stagnant in the soil. Bad growth.
In the tropical and southern subtropical regions of China, the main soil-forming parent material is similar to the origin of teak wood, and red brick-red soil and brick-red earth are widely distributed. Among them, the soil with the largest amount of red soil is the main area where teak is distributed.
Teak sprouting power can be renewed after cutting, and the sprouting bar grows up to 3 meters in the first year. The best forest stand on Hainan Island, before 10 years of age, the average annual growth of up to 1.5 meters, a diameter of 1.6 centimeters; general stand growth is also 1 meter, the diameter of growth in 1 centimeter. The high diameter growth is faster at 5 years before birth. The fastest growing is the second year, up to 2.3 meters; the fastest growing diameter is the fourth year, reaching 2.4 centimeters. Bawangling is 200 meters above sea level. The average artificial forest on sandy loam has an average height of 14.4 meters at 16 years and an average DBH of 19.4 centimeters.
Introduced in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, and southern Anhui, the growth is moderate. Under better site conditions, the average annual growth can reach about 0.80 meters. The diameter is generally 0.8-1.1 cm. However, in some regions, the growth of forests due to poor weather and soil conditions is slow. In the northern margin of Fuzhou, where the success was introduced, the average height of the 14-year-old teak planted in the arboretum was 8.5 meters with an average diameter of 14.1 centimeters. Although the average temperature in Taiwan is generally lower than Hainan Island, the effective accumulated temperature is quite high, and the rainfall is abundant. The growth period is long. The 20-year-old teak can grow at an average height of more than 1 meter per year with a diameter of 1.2-1.6 cm. Similar to Hainan Island.
Afforestation points: Teak is most suitable for soil loose, fertile, moist shrubs or tall grass cluster planting. In areas with large winds, sheltered areas should be selected to reduce wind damage.
The removal of debris from the mountain should be carried out before the onset of the rainy season. After the impurity removal, burrow-shaped soil preparation shall be conducted according to the specifications of the planting hole of 404040 cm or 505040 cm, or after the strip-shaped soil preparation is completed, digging holes shall be carried out according to the above specifications and crops shall be made as far as possible. Green manure to improve the soil and promote the growth of trees. Teak is in the country of origin, and in most countries it is farmed and interplanted. In the tropical and southern subtropical regions of China, the "low-cutting planting method" is generally adopted. Cut the stems before or at the same time as raising the seedlings, keep the shoots to a height of about 3-5 cm, select strong seedlings with a ground diameter of 1-2 cm, and prepare the pulp roots. Do not use seedlings with a diameter less than 0.8 cm or greater than 4 cm. afforestation.
The row spacing is usually 2.53.0 or 3.03.0 meters. When planting, pay attention to proper deep planting. Return the topsoil first. Fill the soil slightly above the surface of the hole to form a hillock, or open the drain, and do not collect water or soil. Buried to avoid rot. About 7 days after planting, germination started, and the survival rate was generally above 95%.
Tending management: teak is more afraid of weeds, weeding at the end of the rainy season in the year of colonization, expansion of the hole, loose soil once, while leaving the election of the most stout straight 1-2 strains, the rest of the removal, the final determination of the second year Plant, choose to leave a strain. If the plants are bent, skewed, or have poor growth in the first year or two after planting, they can be flattened to allow them to form straight trunks. The time for peace can be carried out around April. After ping, we should set the plant in time so as not to affect the growth. Before the four-year-old, the young forest is fully cut altogether two or three times a year to combine the pruning and the sprouting of the young forest base. With conditions permitting, it is preferable to increase one or two top dressings every year for the first four years. Grassland should be intensively reared. Within 1-2 years after planting, in combination with loose soil, all the roots of cilantro within 80 cm of the burrow should be completely eradicated and herbicides can be used.
After the typhoon, the plant should be straightened in time. If there is any wind-breaking or freezing, the low-cutting rods can be further processed to make them grow again. The initial age of thinning is usually 10 years old and 7 years old. Cut once every 10 years. Introduced the growth of teak young forest in Hainan Island, China, preliminary thought that the first thinning is also suitable for 10 years, and the future thinning should depend on the restoration of the forest stand.
Teak Properties and Uses:
2. The teak leaves are large, the main pole is straight, and the tree crown is neat. As a street tree, residential greening, greenery along the side, showing high grade, high grade.