This year's wheat fertilization advice
In order to achieve high-quality, high-yield, high-efficiency wheat production, promote agricultural efficiency, and increase farmers' income, according to the overall layout of wheat production in our province, combined with soil fertility status, balanced fertilization test results and local practical experience, based on the nutrient status of cultivated land fertility, it is proposed This year, the opinions of wheat fertilization technology in our province were provided for the reference of farmers. Soil nutrient status in different regions Due to the differences in soil types, cultivation measures, fertilization levels, and climatic conditions in different planting regions, the soil nutrients in various parts of the province showed regional changes: the organic matter content in the province showed a decreasing trend from south to north and from west to east. The available potassium showed a decreasing trend from west to east. The soil nutrient status of the arable layer in specific sub-regions is as follows: The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and slow-acting potassium in the plough layer soil in high-yield areas in northern Henan Province were 1.36%, 0.093%, and 82mg/kg, respectively. , 17.65 mg/kg, 121.4 mg/kg and 810 mg/kg. Alkaline nitrogen and available phosphorus increased, while other nutrients increased slightly. The average soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and slow-acting potassium in the fluvial soil of the Yudong Plain are 1%, 0.087%, 78mg/kg, 24.74mg/kg, and 102.3mg/kg, respectively. And 726mg/kg. Alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available-phosphorus showed an upward trend, while quick-acting potassium and slow-acting potassium decreased slightly. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and slow-acting potassium in cultivated layers of the hilly dryland areas in western Henan were 1.48%, 0.096%, 92.9mg/kg, 16.39mg/kg, and 138.9mg/kg, respectively. Kg and 939 mg/kg. Soil organic matter, available potassium, and slow-acting potassium increased slightly, and total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, and available phosphorus remained basically the same. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and slow-acting potassium in the plough layers of the middle and low yield areas in southwest Henan were 1.53%, 0.107%, 89.7mg/kg, 19.16mg/kg, and 121.5mg/kg, respectively. Kg and 752 mg/kg. The total nitrogen and slow-acting potassium increased slightly, while the other nutrients decreased slightly. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, available N, available N, available K, and slow-acting K in cultivated layer of southern Henan were 1.79%, 0.129%, 93.2mg/kg, 13.86mg/kg, and 125.5mg/kg, respectively. 737mg/kg. Total nitrogen, available potassium, and slow-acting potassium increased slightly, while the rest remained basically unchanged. High-strength gluten wheat in strong gluten wheat fields has developed rapidly in recent years. The planting area has been expanding and is widely distributed in western Henan, northern Henan, and middle Henan provinces. For wheat fields with a yield of 400-500 kg per mu, it is recommended that the organic fertilizer be applied in Mushi. More than square, pure nitrogen (N) 14-16 kilograms, phosphorus (P2O5) 2-4 kilograms, potassium (K2O) 6-8 kilograms; for wheat fields with a yield of 350-400 kilograms per acre, Mushi organic fertilizer 3.5 , pure nitrogen (N) 12 ~ 14 kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 4 ~ 6 kg, potassium (K2O) 5 ~ 6 kg. For the above two types of wheat, the phosphorus fertilizer must be applied at the end of the first time. The nitrogen fertilizer should be applied at the bottom of 50% to 60% first, and then the remaining 40% to 50% should be applied at the jointing stage, and 2% of the urea should be sprayed on the middle and late stages of wheat growth. Grain protein content. In addition, wheat fields with a yield of less than 400 kg per mu need to be sprayed with 0.2% zinc sulfate or 0.05% ammonium molybdate solution each at the jointing and booting stages of wheat, which can improve the quality and yield of strong gluten wheat. Weak gluten wheat Weak gluten wheat should reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and increase the amount of phosphate fertilizer on the basis of sufficient farm manure. For a wheat field with a yield of 300-350 kg/mu, it is recommended to use 3 M organic fertilizer, 6-7 kg of pure nitrogen (N), 5-6 kg of phosphorus (P2O5), and 4-5 kg ​​of potassium (K2O). Fertilization method on the phosphorus, potassium once applied at the end, nitrogen fertilizer applied at the end of 60% to 70%, to the jointing stage and then apply the remaining 30% to 40%. Super-high-yield wheat and high-yield wheat fields For super-high-yield wheat fields, it is recommended that 4 to 5 square meters of organic fertilizer, 12 to 14 kg of pure nitrogen (N), and 8 to 10 kg of potassium (K2O) be applied. Nitrogen fertilization applied 50% at the end, 50% at the jointing stage, 70% at the end of potash, and 30% at the jointing stage. For the high-yield wheat fields, it is recommended that 4 M of organic fertilizer, 10 to 12 kg of pure nitrogen (N), and 5 to 8 kg of potassium (K2O) be applied. Nitrogen fertilization applied 60% at the end, 40% at the jointing stage, 70% potassium at the end, and 30% at the jointing stage. Phosphate fertilizers in the above two types of wheat fields should be applied according to the content of soil available phosphorus, soil available phosphorus is less than 20mg/kg soil, and the application of phosphorus fertilizer (P2O5) 6-8 kg; soil available phosphorus is greater than 30mg/kg, can be exempted Application of phosphate fertilizer; soil available phosphorus is 20 ~ 30mg/kg of soil, phosphate fertilizer can be reduced as appropriate, the general application of phosphate fertilizer in a single application. The use of micro-fertilizer can be applied with zinc sulfate or manganese sulfate seed dressing, with 2 to 4 grams of fertilizer per kilogram of seed. In addition, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed during the middle and late stages of wheat growth to increase the 1000-grain weight of wheat. The Huang-Huai-Hai plains in the Huang-Huai-Hai region have a great potential for yield increase. It is necessary to adjust the structure of fertilization to achieve middle-term and high-yield production. It is recommended that more than three square meters of organic fertilizer be applied to Mushi, 9 to 10 kg of pure nitrogen (N), 5 to 6 kg of phosphorus (P2O5) and 4 to 6 kg of potassium (K2O). The texture of soil in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is very different. The application of nitrogen fertilizer should be reasonably distributed according to the soil texture. Generally, 70% of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to viscous soil, and 40% to 60% of nitrogen fertilizer is applied to sandy soil. In other cases, it depends on seedling conditions. For fields with severe phosphorus deficiency in Datian production, ammonium phosphate can be used as seed fertilizer and the amount of mu is 2 to 3 kg. The sandy soil has poor water retention and fertility, and in the middle and late stages, the deferred wheat field can be sprayed with 50 percent of a 2% urea aqueous solution on a foliar surface, and at the same time, targeted fertilizers are sprayed on some trace elements. Low-yielding wheat fields in dryland wheat areas have insufficient water supply and low fertility in dryland wheat areas. Therefore, while deep-cultivation is used to increase the ability of flooding and waterlogging, it is recommended that organic fertilizers be reused to improve the soil and increase water storage capacity. Generally, more than 3 M organic fertilizers, 8-8 N pure nitrogen and 4-6 kg potassium (K2O) are used, and the ratio of phosphorus (P2O5) is suitable for nitrogen fertilizer (general nitrogen and phosphorus ratio is 1:0.6～ 0.8) Application. It is recommended that the base fertilizer be re-applied, and the top dressing may be determined depending on the spring weather. At the same time, attention should be paid to the combination with seed dressing and foliar spray to increase the yield and quality of wheat. Phosphorus-deficient wheat fields can be used as seed fertilizers for 2~3 kg of ammonium phosphate per mu. Wheat urea, potassium sulfate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used for foliar spraying to increase grain weight. Husbandry and wheat crops along the middle-low yield wheat fields along the Huaihe rice and paddy crop rotation, soil consumption, lack of nutrients, low phosphorus activity, soil wet and cold. It is recommended that on the basis of a good field project, re-apply organic fertilizer to improve the soil, the middle and late phase of the targeted spraying of multiple fertilizer, in order to improve the yield and quality of wheat. Generally, more than 3 M organic fertilizers are used, 8-8 kg of pure nitrogen (N), 5-6 kg of phosphorus (P2O5) and 5-6 kg of potassium (K2O). Nitrogen fertilization applied at 70%, 30% at jointing stage, and once at the end of potassium fertilization. Phosphorus fertilizer should be applied in layers at all end-uses. Generally, 2/3 deep bottom application and 1/3 shallow application are appropriate. After late sowing, the wheat field in late sowing is sowed in wheat and wheat, and the accumulated temperature is usually insufficient before winter. In order to achieve the goal of strong seedlings in winter and fast transformation in spring, heavy fertilizer is needed to promote seedlings. It is recommended that the high-yield field Mushi organic fertilizer more than 3 square, pure nitrogen (N) 10 ~ 12 kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 5 ~ 6 kg, potassium (K2O) 6 ~ 8 kg, the middle field Mushi organic fertilizer 3, pure nitrogen (N 8 to 10 kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 5 to 6 kg, and potassium (K2O) 5 to 6 kg. Nitrogen fertilization applied at 70% and 30% at the jointing stage, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were suitable for one-time application at the end of fertilization. In the middle and late stages, multi-element micronutrients could be sprayed on the foliage. In addition, due to the large consumption of potassium in the cotton-cotton intercropping area, the amount of potash fertilizer can be appropriately increased. China Agricultural Network Editor