Technical measures to increase sow fertility
Sows are the basis for raising pigs. Under the conditions of factory-raising pigs, raising the productivity of sows is a prerequisite for raising pig production efficiency. Sows’ production capacity mainly includes the annual production of nests and nests. , Which determines the number of litters per year is the length of the breeding cycle of the sow. The number of weaned litters is determined to be the number of litters born and the pre-weaning mortality rate. To increase the productivity of the sow, it is necessary to determine the sow's production capacity. The factors to start, find out the appropriate solutions to improve the productivity of the entire production sow herd. 1. Choosing hybrid pigs for fine pig breeds In industrialized pig production, most of the mothers of commercial pigs use grown-up or long-term sows. This is because hybrid sows have heterosis in reproductive performance, and are suitable for the market. The demand for meat-type pigs, so this combination is commonly used in China's factory pigs. When choosing a stocking gilt for growth, the sows should be flat or slightly inclined, the abdomen is relatively loose, and the sows whose abdomen is excessively constricted have poor fertility. Nipples are arranged neatly and evenly, usually in more than 7 pairs, and full teat can not have steamed bread, deputy nipples and so on. The size of the vulva is moderate and sagging, and the sow on the vulva is generally poor in reproductive performance, and often has sympathy or infertility. The maternal (not fat or skinny) that maintains normal conditions has better reproductive performance. Sows with high lean meats have poor reproductive performance. In the three-way hybrid system, no lean meat percentage is required for the female parent. 2, timely mating grow or large long gilts mating species generally reach 110-115 kg for the family. Above or below this weight has an effect on the number of litters, farther away, the greater the impact. The interval between gilts with apparent estrus and ovulation is generally 36-40 hours, the parity of sows is 38-44 hours, and the average time for ovulation is 2-7 hours. Therefore, the first time from 8-12 hours after the start of estrus. , The compounding at 12 hours intervals can usually achieve good results. Sows with indistinct estrus need to be reconstituted twice. Sows generally have estrus within 3-10 days after milk, and sows after pregnancy have to control the amount of feed. Maintaining a moderate condition can increase litter size. 3. Eliminating sows with poor reproductive performance and raising the breeding level of the group Normal sows have long-term estrus or frequent regrowth during normal production. They are sows that use drugs for aphrodisiac and improve feeding management, or return more than 3 times. Should be eliminated in time. In my field, sows generally have the highest number of fetuses 3-6, and 9-10 births are reduced, and the performance of the sows is significantly different. This sow should be eliminated. Poor nursing performance or postpartum sow-free sows should be documented and should be phased out if similar conditions occur in the future. 4. Strengthen the feeding and management of boars and pregnant sows, and reduce the occurrence of sows returning calving and stillbirth, and the occurrence of boars of abnormal piglets requires firm constitution, stable limbs, and strong sexual desire. Generally insist on checking semen 1-2 times a week. The boars, which are less dense and less viable, are immediately stopped and strengthened. Boars should be exercised twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon, and the prepared boar feed can also be fed in an appropriate amount. The mating strength should be appropriate. Adult boars aged 2-4 years can be allocated 1-2 times a week. There are 1-2 days of rest, depending on the condition of the boar. When the gilts were weighed 80-90 kilograms, they were injected with parvovirus, Japanese encephalitis, and pseudorabies vaccines according to their actual conditions to prevent miscarriage, stillbirth, and mummification. The main causes of stillbirth in sows due to inappropriate feed management during pregnancy are: (1) Sows are under strong stress. (2) Feeding a spoilage feed during pregnancy. (3) drastic changes in environmental conditions and temperatures. The sow should control the amount of feed after pregnancy, generally feeding 1.6-1.8 kg per day within 30 days of pregnancy, 2.1-2.3 kg daily for 30-60 days, and 2.5-2.8 kg daily for 60-108 days. 7 days gradually reduced until 1.2 kg per day, for individual thin, partial fat line pigs should be appropriate, reduce the material, the standard condition of pregnant sows is the middle of the upper side of the membrane. For pregnant sows raised in large groups on the same column, midwives should not be co-opted to avoid crowding and fighting, and disinfection must be done to eliminate epidemics. 5, do a good job in the production of sows and nursing sow feeding and management sow during the delivery process, someone to take care of, keep the production environment quiet, the action should be rapid, timely, if there is dystocia, usually oxytocin intramuscular injection. If there is still no output after 30 minutes, artificial midwifery should be performed. The midwifery personnel must do all kinds of midwifery work according to the operating procedures. The sows should be fed with less feed after giving birth. At the same time, salt should be added for 3-5 consecutive days. The amount of feed should not be increased too quickly within one week, and normal feeding should be started after two weeks. Care should be taken to examine the breasts of nursing sows, and sows that have developed mastitis should take timely measures to treat them. The feeding of sows during lactation should follow the principle of “less feedingâ€, and it is usually fed 3-4 times a day. During the anaesthesia period, special attention should also be paid to the prevention of sow constipation. Sow constipation can affect milk quality and even cause diarrhea in piglets. Delivery room management is the key link in controlling the death of piglets. It must be strictly managed and strictly follow the operating procedures. The delivery room work is a meticulous job. It requires hard-working, patient, and skilled breeders, and the demand for delivery room workers is relatively high. Technical training should also be conducted regularly. 6, do a good job of prevention and treatment of piglets diarrhea Feeding piglet mortality is the highest in all aspects of pig production, usually within 10%. The prevention and treatment of diarrhea in suckling piglets is the key to reducing the disability rate and increasing the weight of weaned piglets. Feeding piglets with iron supplements in a timely manner can prevent the piglets from diarrhoea caused by iron-deficiency anemia and help strengthen the piglets' physique and their ability to resist disease. Common diarrheal diseases in suckling piglets include jaundice, white diarrhea, infectious gastroenteritis, and epidemic diarrhea in piglets, in addition to colds. The prevention of common diseases is mainly based on normal disinfection of the environment. After weaning, the field should be sprayed with disinfectant water or washed with lime water. Thoroughly sterilize, and at the same time adhere to "all in and out," focus on birth, set off milk, centralized disinfection, to prevent cross-infection. Before the farrowing, the insulation facilities should be checked and repaired. The ambient temperature, especially the temperature within 10 days after the birth, has a great impact on the newborn piglet. It is easy for the sows to have litter disease. At this time, it is necessary to strengthen disinfection and keep the house warm and dry. In order to prevent the suckling pigs from squatting, K88, K99, 987P and F41 E. coli tetravalent vaccines can also be injected 28 days before sow. When there is more diarrhea in the piglet group, the sow can be added with sulfaquinone or Chinese herbal medicine, which is very effective. Treatment of piglets yellow and white fleas better drugs are: tobramycin sulfate, Weidaxin, neomycin, etc., severe dehydration of piglets should be promptly rehydration, intraperitoneal injection of saline and antibiotics. High-quality full-price feeds are the key to ensuring the reproductive performance of sows. The full-price diets should be formulated according to the nutritional needs of nursing sows, and the quality of feeds must be carefully controlled to fully meet the nutritional needs. Special attention should be paid to energy, protein, vitamins and minerals. Material nutrition. There are many factors that affect the reproductive performance of sows. Sows must be managed in accordance with scientific principles to achieve maximum economic benefits.