Summer season cultivation of green garlic in mountain areas
Garlic likes the cold weather, but with the increase in export and market demand, cultivation of garlic in summer has become a new way to increase economic income. The main technologies are now described below. First, the requirements of environmental conditions. Garlic is a cold-resistant vegetable. The optimum temperature for stem and leaf growth is 12-16 degrees Celsius, and the optimum temperature for flower stem and bulb development is 15-20 degrees Celsius. Chrysanthemum is a long-day crop, which starts flower bud differentiation and scale differentiation under long-day conditions, and promotes the formation of bulbs. It is hi wet and afraid of drought, hi organic fertilizer, must be planted in fertile soil in order to obtain high quality and high yield. Second, suitable for sowing. For the cultivation of green garlic in summer, heat-resistant and resistant varieties should be selected. Sowing period is generally from mid-May to mid-August. Green garlic production in the mountains in summer, the higher the altitude, the lower the temperature, the more favorable to the development of garlic, and the higher yield, but long growth period. Third, soil preparation and sowing. Prior to planting, field plots of non-garlic or other onion garlic should be selected. The soil is suitable for a well-drained and fertile sandy loam soil. Apply organic fertilizer before planting. General Mushi composting compost 2000-3000 kilograms or decomposed manure 1500-2000 kilograms, 50 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, after stacking as base fertilizer. Sorghum planting, specifications for the width of 1.1 to 1.5 meters Baogou, 7 to 10 lines of planting. The choice of garlic must be in the same variety of garlic balls, garlic, solid, no pests. If the sowing period is from May to June, the new garlic species (from March to April when harvested) do not have enough dormancy, and the garlic species should be treated at a low temperature of 5 to 10 degrees Celsius for 7 to 10 days and soaked in garlic before planting. 3 to 5 hours, so that the garlic species expansion, slightly dry after sowing. This can promote germination and growth and harvest 20-30 days earlier. The spacing between rows is 136.5 to 10 cm, and more than 150 kg per mu need to be planted. Don't be too deep when sowing. Cover grass after sowing to cool and moisturize. Fourth, field management. When the garlic leaves grow to 7 cm in length, topdressing is performed. Every 5 to 7 days topdressing 1 times, each with 2 to 3 kg of urea and 800 to 1200 kg of water. After several times of application, urea and potassium chloride or compound fertilizer can be used instead, applied once every 6 to 7 days. After each application of fertilizer, rinse with water once more. After sowing, keep the soil moist to promote growth. If the soil is dry, germination is slow and irregular. Garlic roots are more tolerant to moisture, but the roots are perishable and the growth is inhibited when water accumulates in the field. In severe cases, the garlic leaves turn yellow and wither, so clear water must be drained. Irrigation is important during the initial stages of cultivation to promote root and root development. When the weather is dry, water is applied 5 to 7 days. Due to the high planting density and the small row spacing, herbicides are effective and convenient. The method of use is: after the garlic is planted, slightly cover the soil, soak noodles, use 72% Dole EC per acre, add 100 liters of water and add 60 liters of water, evenly spray on the noodles, and then cover the grass. Note that the soil must be kept moist before and after spraying, and the topsoil on the surface cannot be turned. Fifth, pest and disease control. The main diseases are viral diseases and melasma. Prevention: Infected strains of the disease should be removed as soon as possible, and pay attention to control of aphids and thrips, so as not to spread the virus, and the other can be used 1.5% plant disease spirit 1000 times spraying. In the early stage of black spot, spray with 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times. The main pests are thrips, aphids and red spiders. Hummer can be sprayed with 20% Connaught 4000 times. Aphids can be sprayed with 10% chlorfenapyr WP 2000 times. Red spiders can be sprayed with chlorpheniramine or konjac 1500 times. When approaching harvesting, pesticides should be used with caution. 6. Harvesting. 60 to 80 days after sowing is suitable for harvesting and harvesting should be done in the early morning or early evening.