Key Techniques for No-tillage and Cover Cultivation of Summer Maize
1, the choice of varieties of high-quality special corn varieties. The production of grain corn can be used as Jingzao 13, etc., and silage corn production can be used for high oil 115, Keqing 1, etc. 2. The wheat straw will be directly crushed and returned to the field when the wheat straw is returned to wheat field. The length of the wheat straw should not be more than 10 cm. Note that the wheat straw is spread evenly, not piled, not ridged. 3. Seeding sowing time: It is necessary to strive for early sowing, especially for grain corn production. The sowing date will not be later than June 23. Planting density and seeding rate: According to the soil fertility, species characteristics and production conditions to determine the appropriate planting density. The compact type is suitable for 4000-4500 strains, and the flat pattern type is 3800-4200 lines per acre, which is discretionary according to local fertilizer and water conditions. The seeding distance and seeding rate were calculated based on the density, seed germination rate and row spacing. Fertilizing amount: The economical and efficient fertilization program is about 16 kg/mu for nitrogen, 3 kg/mu for p2o5, and 12 kg/mu for k2o. No-tillage planter commissioning and sowing operation requirements: no-tillage sowing machine must add grass, in order to avoid congestion. Line spacing is adjusted to 65-70 cm, sowing depth is generally 4-5 cm; determine the amount of chemical fertilizer and adjust the depth of fertilization, the total phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer as a base fertilizer, fertilization depth adjustment in 8-10 cm is appropriate. 4. Selection and collocation of chemical herbicides and pest control herbicides and insecticides: 40% of atrazine 100 g/mu, with 50% acetochlor 75-100 ml/mu, and there are land for grasses Plus paraquat 200 ml / mu; and should add appropriate insecticides to control armyworm, such as phoxim or trichlorfon and other agents against water spray control. Chemical weeding methods and insecticide methods: (1) mechanical spraying. After the sowing of corn, 60 kg of the above herbicides, insecticides and fresh water were mixed and the soil was sealed. (2) Sprinkler irrigation. This water has a dual role of water, on the one hand spray can be sprayed on the straw on the liquid leaching dissolved in the soil surface, can improve the weeding effect; on the other hand to provide sufficient sensation for corn emergence, watering irrigation spray 4 5 hours. (3) Prevention of corn borer. The control method is to use 1-1.5% of 1605 powder 0.5 kg of water plus 2 kg of slag and 25 kg of slag to make granules per acre. Spread the leaves in the end of the heart to control, or put Trichogramma to the field 1-2 times, put the bees The amount of 0.8-1 million heads/mu. The bee period is controlled by the adult's spawning period. 5. Insufficient base fertilizer for top-coating with top-dressing and no-tillage cultivation. Early after stubble application, top-dressing and early-onset seedlings are encouraged. The remaining part of the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer in the whole growth period will be pursued. 6, timely harvesting The current Beijing suburb corn harvester mainly kcky-6 and 4yw2 type. When harvesting, it is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the locomotive, improve the harvest quality and reduce losses.