How to raise cows and chickens in winter
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First, winter cows with good dairy cows have low winter temperatures, and the milk production of dairy cows will be greatly affected. Therefore, feeding and management should be strengthened. 1. Raise feeding standards: In the winter, the heat dissipation of dairy cows increases, and the energy needed to maintain body temperature should also increase. Therefore, raising standards must be raised. The amount of mixed concentrate can be increased by 15%-20%. 2, feeding quality roughage: the best conditions to feed silage corn, straw feed crops, should be a certain amount of treatment. 3, drinking enough warm water, adequate water supply: As the body's nutrients and one of the only carrier of metabolism, to maintain adequate, suitable temperature drinking water is essential. If there is insufficient drinking water, milk production will drop, and the water temperature should be 37°C—39°C. 4, salt to provide enough: salt can provide dairy cattle indispensable elements of chlorine and sodium. If the supply of salt is insufficient, the appetite of dairy cows will decrease, the body will lose weight, and the milk production will decline. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that a certain amount of salt is supplied to cows. The supply of salt should be determined by the weight of the dairy cow and the amount of milk produced. The cow should be given 30-50 grams of salt each day. The amount should be accurate to prevent poisoning. 5, feeding hot porridge: winter fine material is best made of porridge like feeding, fed about 38 °C hot porridge, so that not only good palatability and easy to digest, can enhance the body's cold resistance. 6, add oil: fat heat more, can improve feed palatability. The addition of 3%-5% animal fat to dairy cow diets and calcium supplementation can effectively increase milk production and milk quality. 7, pay attention to keep warm: In order to reduce the dissemination of dairy body heat, the cows should be kept in a warm room with doors and windows. The window of the cowshed should be closed with a plastic film, and the glass of the window should be wiped clean for better lighting. The temperature in the winter barn is better than 10°C. To prevent the thief wind, it is best not to let the cow be directly affected by the wind. 8. Brush cows daily: to promote blood circulation in cattle. Promote blood circulation and increase milk production. Second, the winter chickens should pay attention to four, harmful gases: The most harmful gas to the chicken is ammonia, they can stimulate the chicken's sensory organs, induce respiratory diseases, reduce feed efficiency. When smelling ammonia when entering a chicken house, ammonia gas in the house has been exceeded. Houses warmed with coal stoves should beware of carbon monoxide poisoning. When the harmful gas is excessive, corresponding measures should be taken immediately, such as increasing the ventilation volume, replacing the litter, etc., so as to reduce and eliminate the harm to chickens. 2. Cold insulation: The suitable temperature for laying eggs for hens is about 20°C, and the minimum temperature should not be lower than 13°C. If the indoor temperature does not meet the requirements, the temperature difference is too large, it is necessary to artificially add heat to increase temperature, and try to remain relatively stable. 3. Ventilation and ventilation: Especially in the case of low winter temperatures, people tend to notice only warmth and neglect ventilation. When the air in the house is relatively dirty, if it is necessary to increase the ventilation, it should be gradually increased, preferably at a high temperature at noon, and each ventilation time is shorter, and the method of multiple passages is better. If the chicken is found to be snoring and breathing slightly, the house is full of dust and smells, indicating that the air in the house is extremely dirty and ventilation should be strengthened immediately. However, in order to prevent the thieves from getting windy, it is generally difficult to set up elbow-type ventilators on the walls of the lee side to prevent the birds from being directly affected by the wind. 4. Humidity: Relative humidity is suitable for 60%-70%, higher humidity is conducive to the survival and reproduction of microorganisms, if accompanied by low temperature will increase the hazard of low temperature. When the humidity is low, the chicken house is dry and it is easy to induce respiratory diseases in chickens. Especially when the chicks are in a dry environment for a long time, they can cause dehydration and dehydration. Therefore, we must pay attention to the adjustment of the humidity of the shed. Winter litter is relatively dry, and it is often sprayed or spray-disinfected.