High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Winter Potatoes Covered with Plastic Film
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First, sowing 1, sowing time: According to the requirements of potato on the environmental conditions and the effective use of winter rice fields in our county, without affecting the spring plowing in the coming year, the use of film sowing, sowing time is appropriate from mid-December to late. 2. Selection of sites and soil preparation: Choose sandy loam with good drainage and loose soil, and no plots of tobacco, tomato, pepper, eggplant and other crops have been planted for more than two years. After the autumn harvest, the county generally uses rice; and before rice harvest, 7 Days of dry water, timely and fine soil preparation after harvest, in the time of Mushi n, p, k content of 25% of 50 kg of compound fertilizer and soil miscellaneous fertilizer or 500 kg of household waste. After the site preparation, a 1.3-meter-long trench was used to raise the earth. The height of the earthworm was 25--30 cm, and the width of the surface was 65--70 cm. The surface was slightly turtle-shaped. 3, potato seed processing. The detoxified seed potatoes were picked to remove deformed, colonized, and diseased tubers. The potato pieces are cut into pieces of about 25 grams 1 to 2 days before sowing. When the pieces are cut, the edges are to be disinfected. After cutting, the incisions are cut with clean grass ash or lime, and then 500--1000 times more thiophanate-methyl is used. Soak the solution for 15 minutes and then dry the seed block in a cool, ventilated place. When cutting, the top buds and lateral buds are treated separately for later management. 4. Seeding method and specifications: Double row hole planting, spacing 30--35 cm, plant spacing 25 cm, sowing depth of about 7 cm, end buds and lateral bud seed sowing separately. 5, covered: after sowing with fine cover, and then covered with a 0.005 mm ultra-thin film, and then compacted with clods to prevent frost damage. Second, the field management 1, seedlings: After emergence, in a timely manner with a blade or a knife at the emergence of the "10" word release seedlings, cut not too large. 2, plant growth regulation: After the seedlings go weak to retain strong seedlings, leaving 1 - 2 seedlings per hole, the late emergence of branches should be erased in time. 3, water management: the emergence period, the soil water holding capacity of 50--60% is appropriate, but the weather is more arid, mainly to retain water, appropriate irrigation; tuber formation and expansion period requires soil water holding capacity of 70--80%, in the weather drought Pay attention to water irrigation, the water level to the 1/3 of the height is appropriate; maturity, the soil water content of 60% is appropriate, in case of rainy days to pay attention to drainage anti-staining. 4, top dressing: the next foot base fertilizer, filming sowing, generally do not need to top dressing, if there is premature yellowing, poor growth of spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other foliar fertilizer. 5. Pest Control: The key winter cropping prevention and control of late blight, the early onset of the disease can be used for rebirmer, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, thioredox and other rotation, sprayed every 10 days, and even spray three times. Other pests and diseases can be controlled in due course. Third, the harvest and growth period, before the spring tillage preparation, the stems and leaves normal yellow, try to maintain normal growth, extend the life of functional leaves, so that the continued expansion of the tuber. Excluding stagnant water before harvest, harvesting on sunny days, reducing wounded potatoes and increasing commodity rates.