High-quality walnut seedling grafting cultivation points
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First, species selection and grafting methods should be selected for varieties with strong adaptability, good performance, high yield, high nut quality, high grafting survival rate, and rapid shaping such as: Xiangling, Luguang, Zhonglin No.1, etc.
1. Spikes grafted on hard branches (used in spring branches) should be collected 20-30 days before germination, and shoots with small pith, full shoots, full shoots, and no pests should be selected. Scion storage can be used sand technology.
2. Scion used for green branches (buds) is used with the use of the scion. If long-distance transport is required, protective measures shall be taken during transport to prevent water loss and to avoid damage to waxy layers and buds. The scion collected must be used up on the same day.
Second, the grafting time
1. The appropriate time for branching is from early April to early May. Since this technique is not easy to grasp and the survival rate is not high, this method is not recommended.
2. The best time for budding is from mid-May to late June. At this time, the conditions of temperature and humidity are appropriate, and the anvil and panicle grow well. After that, the callus is easy to form. The buds germinate and grow quickly. The degree of lignification is high and they are conducive to Safe winter.
Third, the grafting method adopts square-shaped buds. The operating points are as follows:
1, rootstock processing remove the dense, redundant branches, the tree shape out. Select branches with a thickness of 1 cm or more, select the grafting site within 10 cm from the main branch (make the tree compact), and then leave 4-5 leaves on the top of the graft to top, and take the buds in a flexible way. The center stem buds toward the inside, and the other side buds toward the side or branches, which is conducive to restoring the tree shape.
2. Take shoots and buds that are similar to the rootstock, mature, and full of scions to make buds. When the buds are about 1 cm above the buds, cut them back to the direction of the original knife, and then tear them apart. At the fracture side, push the bud to the other side to separate the xylem from the phloem, ensure that the growth point is completely removed, and finally remove the bud by hand.
3, grafted on the rootstock to be grafted, select a location, the direction of the right, smooth parts, according to the size of the bud piece cross-cutting knife. Cut vertically (the length is more than about 2 times the length of the bud, which is good for water discharge), then cut a knife and tear off the phloem. The removed part is more than 0.2 cm in length and width of the bud. Then take the good bud into the rootstock. Make sure that the horizontal and vertical edges of the bud align with the two sides of the rootstock. Finally, use a flexible plastic strip to fasten the buds from the bottom up to ensure that the buds are in close contact with the forming layers of the rootstock, and there is no running wind.
Fourth, after the management
1. In addition to sprouting, cutting anvil, unbinding, all buds on the rootstock after grafting are removed, leaves are kept to prevent direct drying buds, and the survival rate is affected; when the buds grow to 5 cm, the anvil is cut and connected. The part above the bud is cut off; when the bud is grown to 15-20 cm (when the bud piece is healed), it is untied, and the budding work is continued after unbinding.
2. Fertilizer management After the grafting, as the soil moisture enhances the management of the fertilizer and water, when the soil is less serious, it is not watered and fertilized for 2 weeks after grafting. When the new shoot grows to more than 10 cm, it should be top-dressed and watered, and it can also be top-dressed. , Irrigation combined with loose soil weeding. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be appropriately increased in the autumn to prevent seedlings from becoming leggy. In the shoot growth stage suffer from leaf pests, it is necessary to check in time and pay attention to prevention and treatment.