Gardenia cultivation techniques
Gardenia, also known as yellow branch, hawthorn, yellow wolfberry fruit, jade lotus, etc., is an evergreen shrub aromatic plant. Dry branches can be 1-2 meters tall, gray; branchlets green. Leaves resembling rabbit ears, single leaves, opposite or tri-engined, leathery, entire. Flowers are solitary at the top of the branches or leaves, white with fragrant, large and thick, corolla-shaped, very much like an ancient sprinkling vessel - "Eritrea", it was named Nizi flower (after the Nepalese for "gardenia"). The fruit is ovate, with six longitudinal fissures, flattened, the fruit ripening period is October, and the flowering period is from June to August. The flower is white and has a strong floral fragrance. It can be used for ornamental purposes and can be worn. The fruit can also be used for medicinal purposes and has the effect of anti-inflammatory detoxification. In addition, the long green leaf of the gardenia leaves has the ability to resist dust and sulfur dioxide, and is an ideal green flower. Gardenia is native to southwest China. At present, the main cultivated varieties and their variants are large-leafed dumplings (also known as big-flower pods), which have large leaves, large flowers, double petals, and fragrant ash; water pods, small plants, small flowers, and small leaves; Petals, small flowers, single petals, many wild. There are egg lice and lobular scorpions. Scorpion sex warm and humid climate, good sunshine but can not withstand strong sunlight, suitable for growth in loose, fertile, well-drained, light sticky acidic soil, is a typical acidic flower. Potted soil is suitable for 40% garden soil, 15% coarse sand, 30% manure soil, and 15% rot leaf soil. Gardenia seedlings should pay attention to water, keep the basin soil moist, diligently cooked thin fat. Water is preferably treated with rainwater or fermented rice water. During the growth period, such as pouring 0.2% ferrous sulphate or manure water (which can be used alternately) once every 15 days for 10 to 10 days, it can prevent the soil from becoming alkaline, and at the same time, can supplement the iron elements to the soil and prevent the earthworms from boring. Yellow leaves. In the summer, flowers should be sprayed once a day to the foliage to increase the air humidity and promote leaf luster. Potted medlar only watered after flowering in August to control the amount of water. Moved into the room before the cold dew of October, set the sunny place. In winter, watering is strictly controlled, but leaves can be sprayed with clean water. From May to July each year, when the vigorous growth of medlar will cease, the plants will be trimmed to remove the tip and promote the initiation of branching, which will make the future plant more beautiful and flowering. Gardenia flowers are often propagated using cuttings and layering methods. They can also be propagated using ramets and seeding methods, but they are rarely used. Cuttings can be divided into spring inserts and autumn inserts. The spring is inserted in mid-to late February; autumn is performed from late September to late October. Cuttings Take 2-3 years of shoots, cut into 10-12 cm segments, leave two leaves on top, cut each in half, and then insert them obliquely into the slotted bed, leaving only one section on the soil. Pay attention to the shade and keep Certain humidity, generally 1 month can be rooted, and transplanted after 1 year. In the south, there is breeding by water-plugging method. The cuttings are inserted on a disk woven with stalks of stalks. They are allowed to float on the surface of the water, and the lower part is rooted in water and replanted. The beading can be carried out before and after the clearing in April or during the rainy season. Select the three-year-old mother plant one year strong and strong branches, pull it to the ground, scratch the soiled parts of the shoots, such as the case of 200ppm powder in the wounded case acetic acid, and then covered with soil compaction, it is easier to take root. Usually after the rooting of the root can be separated from the mother plant, to the second year of spring and then soil transplant. Gardenia is often susceptible to yellowing of yellow leaves. Yellowing disease is caused by a variety of reasons. Therefore, different measures must be taken to prevent and control it. Yellowing caused by fertilizer deficiency: This yellowing disease starts from the lower leaves of the plant and gradually spreads to the new leaves. Nitrogen deficiency: Leaves yellow, and the new leaves are small and brittle. Potassium deficiency: Old leaves turn from green to brown. Phosphorus deficiency: Old leaves are purple or dark red. For all the above situations, decomposed human urine or cake fat can be forced. Iron deficiency caused by yellowing: This yellowing disease, expressed in the new leaves, the beginning of the leaves were pale yellow or white, veins are still green, when severe veins are also yellow or white, the final leaves will die and die. In this case, 0.2%-0.5% of ferrous sulfate aqueous solution can be sprayed for prevention and treatment. Magnesium deficiency caused by magnesium deficiency: This kind of yellowing disease develops gradually from the old leaf to the new leaf, the veins are still green, and the leaves fall off and die when severe. In this case, spray 0.7%-0.8% boron magnesium fertilizer. Excessive watering, freezing, etc., can also cause yellow leaf, so special attention must be paid to the conservation process. In case of poor indoor ventilation and high temperature and humidity in winter, gardenia plants are prone to harm by scale insects and accompanied by soot disease. For scale insects, scrapers can be scraped off with bamboo sticks, or spray control can be carried out with oil emulsion No. 20 plus 200 times water. For coal smoke, scrub with water or use carbendazim 1000 times for spraying. China Agricultural Network Editor