Some problems in dairy farming in rural areas
Chinese cows have a relatively high proportion of small-scale farming (over 70%). Because of the low level of culture and the poor living conditions of dairy cows, colony control is not easy; at the same time, the structure of roughage is single, and farmers are unwilling to spend money to purchase quality feeds, leading to even improved dairy cows. The protein content is also low. According to domestic and international aquaculture experience, dairy cow breeding is a standard specialization and intensive industry. The average breeding scale in developed countries must be at least 50, and the proportion of China's rearing 5 or less is 32.4%. Pangfanyi Sweet Potato is a natural and nutritious food crop ,delicious household staple which can be many kinds of made-in-house foods. Its stripes contain protein, starch, pectin, cellulose, amino acids, vitamins and some minerals, and are called the "longevity food". for anti-cancer, heart protection, weight reduce, prevention of pulmonary emphysema, diabetes and so on. Potato Natural,Nutritional,Crispy China Chongqing Pangfanyi Technology Co.,Ltd. , https://www.pangfany.com
Looking at the rapid development of China's dairy industry over the past decade or so, an interesting phenomenon can be seen. In many countries, the total number of dairy cows is not as high as in China, but the total milk production and quality are far higher than those in China, precisely because of China. Newly added cows are mostly in free-range individuals. The development of China's dairy industry is also based on extensive growth in terms of quantity, with almost no increase in monomer growth.
The backward dairy cow breeding mode in our country is the main reason leading to the above situation. The following are some problems in rural dairy cattle breeding.
1. There are many free-range households and they are small in scale. They cannot be reared in groups and managed in a centralized manner. The degree of intensification is very low. No mechanized milking equipment, manual milking, milk quality is not guaranteed.
2. The type of roughage is single, 60% of rural scattered households are dominated by dry Corn stalks, and there is no silage corn; 90% of farmers do not feed hay, and 95% of farmers do not feed alfalfa hay. About 30% to 40% of rural households lack the knowledge of silage corn, and 70% of the households do not have enough knowledge about whole plant silage. The majority of silage after harvest is about 80%.
3, scientific awareness of feeding is poor, the proportion of coarse and coarse is not appropriate, contrary to the laws of the cow's physiology. Under the corn “straw + concentrate†diet, cows are seriously deprived of nutrition and milk production is low. In order to increase the milk yield, dairy farmers will increase the amount of concentrate feeding, and the ratio of fine to coarse will reach 50:50. 60:40, causing many metabolic diseases, treatment of these diseases will also have to spend a lot of money, causing unnecessary economic losses, reduce the economic benefits of dairy cows.
4, nutritional imbalance. The feeding amount of energy feed (corn) in refined feed is too large, and the feed amount of protein feed, vitamins, and mineral feeds is seriously insufficient. The milk production of dairy cows is not enough, and in order to increase the milk production and then increase the feed amount of concentrates, Create a vicious cycle, wasting feed and increasing costs.
5. The quality of dairy cows is poor. At present, more than 40% of the population of dairy cows is purchased from high prices in the past few years at the peak of dairy development. Sources are relatively miscellaneous, there is no number, no pedigree, no breeding records. After the peasant households bought it back, they had poor awareness of breed improvement, free use of the frozen sperm of the black-and-white cows, and some cows in the field had eliminated the cattle and had reproductive disease. After repeated artificial insemination, the local black-and-white bull bull Variety of more complex, seriously affect the milk production.
6, drinking water, the amount can not be guaranteed. More than 90% of milk is made of water, and adequate clean drinking water is particularly important for cows. The farmed dairy cows in rural areas are dominated by the fleas and the drinking water is supplied regularly. The cows do not receive sufficient drinking water, which affects the milk production of the dairy cows. Drinking water in domestic water or drowning water in places where water is scarce can lead to corruption in the summer and cause digestive tract. disease. Drinking cold water or ice water in winter consumes calories in the body, and the amount of drinking water is limited, which reduces the milk production of dairy cows.
7. In addition to individual large-scale outdoor activities, most communities and almost all free-ranging households have not implemented strict health measures. People and livestock in the same hospital have poor sanitation conditions. Dairy cow dung is not treated in time, and is piled in the bullpen or in the front yard of the home. Pollution of the environment, the incidence of mastitis is high, up to 10% to 15%.