How to cultivate longevity flowers
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Longevity flower is a succulent plant, the bright and bright leaves form a low cluster, green all year round; the plants are small and exquisite, the plants are compact, the flowers are dense, and the disease resistance is strong; the hi is warm and humid, it is also drought tolerant, and the hi light is also more tolerant to yin , Long flowering period, easy cultivation, suitable for winter interior decoration, summer outdoor decoration, excellent viewing effect. In foreign countries, longevity flowers are not only indoor ornamental flowers, but also widely used in outdoor landscapes. At present, this concept has gradually been accepted by domestic garden designers and it has begun to be applied to garden accessories. Under the modern management conditions, the production of longevity flowers can reach 100 pots/year square meters, and the output per unit area is even higher than that of big palm flowers such as Anthurium and pineapple. In recent years, the imported longevity flower has been successfully introduced by Beijing Wuzhou Xiangyuan Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. It has been recognized by the market for its unique charm of rose-shaped flowers and has become a "new variety of flowers" with great value and development potential. Wuzhou Xiangyuan Company has continuously introduced new products, in addition to the mainstream red line, also introduced varieties of pink, purple, yellow, light green; in order to improve the quality of longevity flowers in China, the company for the longevity flower seedlings cultivation problems, over the years and foreign supply Businessmen continued to communicate and summarized the key points of longevity flower management. The peat of medium-sized particles in the planting technology matrix is ​​mixed with lime, fertilizer, clay, and the like. The size of the standard pots for the cutting basin diameter is 9 cm, 10 cm or 11 cm. Watering requires restraint to avoid excessive growth. Fertilizer application compound fertilizer, add calcium, with watering, pH value of 5.5 to 5.8. It should be noted that water analysis should be performed before fertilization. The pH and EC values ​​of the matrix in the pots were measured once a week, the pH should be 5.0 to 6.0, and the EC value should be 1.8 to 2.5. CCC was used in the early stage of plant growth with CCC and later with B9. The suitable temperature for rooting was 22°C, and the suitable temperature for plant growth was 19°C. When the outdoor lighting is too strong, use a ventilation device to reduce the temperature. In addition, avoid temperatures above 25°C, otherwise high temperatures will diminish the effect of short-day treatments. Shading and Artificial Filling In the summer, outdoor high temperatures tend to make the plant leaves reddish. When the light intensity is greater than 65,000 lux, shading must be performed. In winter, in order to shorten the growth time of the plants for a week or two and make them more inflorescences, they need to be artificially supplemented by light. The light intensity is required to reach 3000 lux. It is usually conducted before short-day treatment, and the length of sunshine should not be less than 18 hours/day. Relative humidity should reach 75% to reduce the risk of germs. Disease and Insect Pest Control Longevity flowers and insect pests mainly include aphids, western flower thrips, scale insects, cyclamen, leaf roller insects, and larvae of adult mosquitoes. Locusts can cause serious damage to longevity flowers, especially during winter and early spring. If left alone, the number of locusts will grow explosively. The use of tick parasites and wasps to control, the effect will be better than the chemical control, and the key to biological control is to find as soon as possible and prevent it in time. The number of Western flower thrips is relatively small, but it should still be taken seriously. Thrips likes to invade the soft tissues of growing plants where growth is strong. It is advisable to use stickies to monitor their numbers every week. Even if there are a few adults, attention should be paid to the control of the thrips. Scale insects mainly invade axillary buds and growing points and cause damage. It is difficult to eradicate it in the greenhouse. The key is early monitoring. A small amount of scale insects can also cause considerable damage. Usually, the plant cannot be sold as long as it is affected by the insect. Once scale insects are found in the greenhouse, they are recommended to be treated on the spot to prevent proliferation. In the greenhouse, scale insects can spread by means of infested plants, operators’ hands and clothing. After discovery, all activities in the affected area should be stopped immediately, until the infected plants are removed and the nursery beds and aisles are properly handled. The cyclamen cyclamen does not like to warm, so it rarely causes damage in the summer, mainly in the winter. Major hazards include obstructing growth, deforming growing points, and discoloring flower buds. To identify cyclamen, at least 20 times the microscope is needed. Since they are often hidden in the calyx or between the young leaves around the growing point, open the calyx when viewing and check several more. Roller leaf leafworm is a larva of a moth, and leaves will wrap it in a very distinctive form. In the event of an outbreak of insect pests, the damage will be very serious if it is overlooked. Larvae of mosquitoes bore holes in cuttings and saplings of seedlings and often appear on diseased strains infected with pine rot fungi, and should be controlled with appropriate soil bactericides. Phytophthora spp. fungal diseases include Sphaerotheca fuliginea, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizopus spp., Paintball rot, Stalk rot, Pythium. Fungi damage the most serious fungal diseases of longevity flowers. It is difficult to identify the fungus that is infected with the fungus, because the disease has become very serious when its iconic white villous mould emerges. In most cases, the visible symptoms are limited to local growth retardation, malformation of leaves and growing points, floral deformation, and dark grey scars on leaf nodes and their advancing stems. Most of the powdery mildew on longevity flowers are phytochemicals, and chemical control is hardly effective. Botrytis cinerea leaves rot in longevity flowers in winter, keeping the leaves dry and well ventilated between the pots, which can effectively prevent this from happening, but it should be noted that many gray molds leave obvious spots on the leaves. Rhizopus occurs in a warm, moist environment, and the bacteria are found in thin, soft tissues. If the environment is too warm and humid, Rhizopus can also occur frequently during shipping. In the longevity flowering period, V. vulgaris will harm the plants simultaneously with S. infestans. Plants that are densely packed, airy, and warm and humid microclimates between plants can cause the outbreak of such bacteria. There are many kinds of fungi that cause stem rot of longevity stem rot, such as Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia, Rhizoctonia, and Clostridium. In general, these fungi can be found on infected plants, but the most common one is to drill borers in the stem and cause damage at the same time. It should be treated both against pathogens and insect pests. The roots of Pythium longevity flowers are very sensitive to unreasonable watering, and too dry or too wet can cause problems. According to experience, Pythium is most often found as a secondary disease in harsh conditions. Longevity flowers can survive with a small amount of roots. If the root environment is not good, the plants will grow only a part of their roots, making Pythium more likely to invade. The longevity flower virus hazards include longevity flower mosaic virus, impatiens necrotic spot virus, macular virus, high cold vegetable latent virus, and kara virus. Longevity Mosaic Virus (Green Island Virus) This is the most common virus in the longevity flower and it appears to be extremely widespread in modern hybrids. The virus is only found on plants that have poor growth conditions and are heavily infected. It appears as dark green mosaic spots on the leaves, and in severe cases it inhibits the growth of diseased plants. At present, there is no viable immunoassay method for the prevention and control of this virus. Aphids may be carriers of this virus. Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus This is a variant of Tomato spotted wilt virus, which can cause a series of damage to longevity flowers, sometimes even as a result of mistakes in the production process. It is transmitted by western flower thrips. Macular virus can cause chlorosis and necrotic spots. There is no effective immunoassay method. In the longevity flowering plant, once the virus is infected, the plant will be completely destroyed. There is no symptom of this virus, but the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay can detect it. Symptoms of the virus, such as the Kara virus, are light green to yellow mosaic spots on the leaves that can be detected. Physiological diseases of longevity flowers mainly include spraying drug damage, flower damage, short-day damage, ethylene damage, adverse reactions, and mutations. Spraying pesticides to damage part of the insecticide can cause toxic damage to the flowers and leaves of longevity flowers, many of which can erode the cuticles of the leaves and petals of longevity flowers, eventually causing the flowers to fade and leave spots on the leaves. There are many causes of damage to the longevity flowers caused by flower damage. Continuous high humidity is the main cause. In the early stage of planting, supplementing suitable calcium ions and keeping plant activity as much as possible can prevent this from happening. Some susceptible and vulnerable species may show special symptoms under unfavorable conditions. Short-day damage Longevity flowers need to be kept dark for at least 6 hours every day during planting. Even during long daylight treatment, long periods of darkness will result in wilting of robust leaves. Ethylene damage Stores mature fruits placed in storerooms or retail stores that produce ethylene, exposed to very low concentrations of ethylene, and longevity flowers that lose flowers or degrade the calyx within days. Therefore, they must be transported, stored, or displayed. Strengthen your attention. In addition, the malfunction of the CO2 generator in the greenhouse can cause the same problem. The adversity response to longevity flowers can be caused by a series of causes, including water, light and temperature. Under mild conditions, the mature leaves of the plants will fade; when the environment is extremely harsh, ethylene will begin to be produced inside the growth point, resulting in the typical symptoms of ethylene poisoning, plant growth completely stopped, the growing point becomes red, and the calyx degenerates. Variations are caused by genetic defects.