Cultivation Management of Cut Roses
Roses, beautiful colors, elegant fragrance, have always been loved by people. The use of fresh cut roses for the cultivation of greenhouses in the solar greenhouse can supply the market with an anniversary, which is yet another new way for farmers to get rich. First, grafting and breeding. Use wild rose or special rootstock varieties as rootstocks and use grafting or bud grafting methods for grafting. Rootstocks were planted at the beginning of April and transplanted in April of the second year. Seed beds should be selected for fertile sandy soil. The row spacing is 20 cm and 80 cm. The buds will be picked up in June and the garden will be planted in the third spring. Second, prepare the soil. To select fertile, loose, organic-rich, well-drained sandy loam, use adequately decomposed livestock manure as base fertilizer, apply 45,000 to 60000 kilograms per hectare, and then disinfect the soil. The method is: methyl bromide, 10 kg per 100 square meters, after the treatment with plastic film covering the soil for more than weeks; cyanide, 7.5 liters per 100 square meters, after treatment with plastic film covered for more than two weeks; drops of mixture 2.8 liters per 100 square meters, covered with film for more than two weeks after treatment. Third, scientific colonization. Planting method. 1 meter wide, 10 centimeters to 15 centimeters high, 2 rows per row, large row spacing 90 cm to 100 cm, small row spacing 30 cm, plant spacing 20 cm, density 6-8 plants per square meter 20 cm to 30 cm. Fourth, adjust the temperature and humidity. Solar greenhouse cultivation, the daytime temperature of 20 °C ~ 25 °C is appropriate, the maximum does not exceed 28 °C, night temperature maintained at 12 °C ~ 15 °C, relative humidity of 65% to 75%, pay attention to ventilation. Fifth, rational fertilization. Roses are fertilizers that can be top-dressed, but they can also be sprayed with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, high-fertilizer, ferrous sulfate foliar fertilizers. Give less, hard work. The liquid fertilizer is usually chased once every 10 days, and compound fertilizer is applied in winter. Sixth, water management. To dry, wet row. After the spring planting, the seedlings should be poured with enough water, and the soil should be poured after being planted. Summer soil temperature is high and watering should be done after 5pm. The drought-tolerant rose is afraid of water. When the rainfall is heavy, it is necessary to pay attention to drainage, and weeding and weeding are often required. Seven, pruning topping. 1. Trim. Roses should be trimmed before planting, and buds should be removed promptly after planting. When three to five strong branches grow, flowers are collected. Afterwards, it should be trimmed 3 times to 5 times a year, and the branches should be arranged at any time, leaving 2 to 4 buds cut on each branch. Cut 1 cm on the shoot and cut it obliquely to the other side of the shoot. Cut to smooth. Trimming is divided into two types: one is low trimming, that is, only two buds are left upward from the base of the shoots, and the upper ones are cut off. The pruning method grows long and thick branches, large buds and good quality. The second is the high trim, the buds in the lower part of the shoots are more, the new shoots are more, the flowering is also more, but the branches are short, the buds are small, and the quality is poor. The above two pruning methods, used interchangeably in production, can control the height of the plants, so that the rose maintains a longer growth cycle and higher production capacity. Grafting seedlings are updated once in about 8 years. 2. Take heart. When the shoots grow to 15 cm to 20 cm, the top is removed by about 3 cm so as to promote the growth of lateral buds to become lateral branches. After a certain length, it still needs to be plucking about 2 times until the number of main branches and lateral branches of the whole plant is sufficient to produce a large number of Flowers so far. The purpose of picking the heart is to adjust the shape of the plant in the early stage and to control the flowering period after flowering. When the flower bud diameter reaches 10 mm to 13 mm, removing the top of the shoot to reach the second leaf can promote the flowering period of about 7 days. Eight, prevention and treatment of pests. Ventilation reduces morbidity, eliminates burned virus branches, and eliminates reducing the body's virus through high temperature for 4 weeks. Rose common diseases are black spot, powdery mildew, rust, etc., can be used 80% mancozeb WP or 50% benzene WP 800 times to 1200 times control. Control pests such as aphids, thrips, leaf-worms, scarabs, etc., can be used to kill fenthion 1000 times 50%. Nine, flower classification. Roses should be cut at low temperatures and high humidity. Usually about 10 months after planting, flowers are collected and harvested when the buds are opened slightly (about 2 days before flowering). Cut branches have a pitch of 5 knots or a longer length. Immediately after harvest, they should be inserted into the water and transported back to the workplace for grading. Each 10 branches are tied into one bundle. Grading standards: First grade length 55 cm ~ 60 cm, flowers are neat; secondary products 45 cm ~ 54 cm; three products 35 cm ~ 44 cm; external products 35 cm or less. After packing with cellophane, cut the sticks and insert them into the water. Ten, preservation. Rose cut flowers have a short shelf life and are resistant to long-distance transportation. Treatment with sulfhydryl sulphate, placed in a cold storage at 3 °C ~ 4 °C, can be preserved for 3 days. After the cut rose, if it is not on the market, it needs to be stored for a long time. It can be stored in a sealed cold store with oxygen content of 1%, carbon dioxide content of 5%, and temperature of 0°C to 1°C. It can be stored for 20 days to 30 days. Spicy Chilli Sauce,Beef Chili Sauce,Chicken Chili Sauce,Mushroom Chili Sauce Ningxia Ningyang Halal Food Co., Ltd. , https://www.ningyangfood.com