Shanghai takes the lead in establishing the National Rice Genetic Breeding Platform

According to the latest news released by the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the rice genetic resources and molecular technology breeding platform for the whole country, led by the Shanghai Center for Agricultural Biology and Genetics, has achieved total social sharing, positioning a large number of rice production, Rice quality, stress resistance, and other related genes were bred into multiple new rice varieties and new combinations.

According to a related person from the Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the main objective of the current rice variety improvement is to further increase the yield potential, improve quality, and enhance stress resistance. The history of rice research shows that the key to the breakthrough achievement lies in the innovation and utilization of genetic resources. China has abundant rice resources and contains a large number of favorable genes, but it is difficult for conventional techniques to discover and use these genes. The genetic resources currently used in breeding practice are less than 5% of the resources already owned.

Shanghai Agricultural Biogene Center and other organizations have organized domestic research forces from the end of the last century to implement the “Rice Gene Resource Innovation and Molecular Technology Breeding” research project. At present, a large-scale rice functional genetic resource platform has been basically constructed and put into use. A complete permanent mapping population and introgression population were constructed, and these materials and more than 38,000 introductory lines representing the genetic background of the main planting cultivars in different ecological regions of China were systematically catalogued, bred, and stored. The relevant genetic resources information network system has been shared by the entire society. It has distributed more than 15,000 resources to relevant agricultural research institutions in 20 provinces across the country.

It is understood that during the project advancement, relevant personnel have also constructed a rice molecular marker technology platform, developed a large number of molecular markers, established an efficient detection system for molecular markers, and positioned 131 related to agronomic, quality, resistance, yield, etc. For the first time, a series of specialization markers have been discovered, and a classification technique for rice blast has been established.

The establishment and application of rice genetic resource and molecular technology breeding platforms have promoted the innovation of domestic rice germplasm and the selection and promotion of new varieties. According to statistics, during the implementation of the entire research project, 35 new germplasms with important application prospects were bred through marker-assisted introduction and polymerization and breeding; 6 new rice varieties and new combinations were bred, passed the national variety certification, and were cumulatively promoted. With an area of ​​more than 1,800,000 mu, it will increase rice production by 2.3 billion kilograms and achieve social and economic benefits of more than 2 billion yuan.

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