Facility Agriculture Coping with Antifreeze and Disaster Reduction Technical Schemes
Since January 11th, strong cold air has brought about a large range of cloudy snow weather in Ningxia. The temperature dropped sharply and the light weakened. According to meteorological forecast, the weather in the next week will still be rain and snow. The minimum temperature of 23-24 will be reduced to -19°C to -25°C, and the highest temperature in the day will be -9°C to 14°C. Guyuan 25-28 will have snow. According to the survey, the continuous cloudy weather in the past few days has caused the maximum temperature in most of the sheds in our district to be 8 to 10°C, the minimum temperature to be 5 to 6°C, and even some to only 2 to 3°C. For some thermophilic vegetables, Causes cold damage. The continued cloudy weather in the next few days will certainly have a serious impact on the production of solar greenhouses in this winter. In order to reduce the losses to a minimum, it is necessary to protect the flourishing development of facility agriculture in our region. The Science and Technology Department organized the technical experts of facility agriculture in our district, and on the basis of in-depth investigations, it researched and formulated anti-freezing and anti-freezing measures in response to the continuous cloudy snow weather of the facility agriculture. Through the technology management departments of cities and counties, with the help of information technology services such as agricultural science and technology 110, large-scale technical services and mobilization training have been carried out to actively respond to this cloudy snow weather, and the role of science and technology in antifreeze and disaster reduction work has been brought into play. Continuous cloudy snow weather and management techniques of solar greenhouses after the disaster I. Management of Sunlight Greenhouses in Continuously Cloudy Weather (I) Strengthen insulation measures 1. For young seedlings that have just been planted or planted, a small arch shed shall be erected in the shed with bamboo or steel wire, covered with a plastic film, and a small arch shed shall be erected in each groove. 2. In the front corner of the greenhouse, an apron with a height of 80 cm is set up with a mulch. 3. Place a spade at the front corner of the greenhouse. 4. On the outside of grasshoppers, a layer of old shed film (new and better) can, on the one hand, reduce the loss of heat in the shed, prevent rain and snow from soaking the grass and reduce the heat preservation; on the other hand, it facilitates clear product snow. In addition, cloudy snow days, due to the thick clouds in the sky, the temperature is generally not very low. In order to protect the grasshoppers, it is not necessary to cover the grass in the snowy days. After the snow stops, the snow on the shed is cleaned and the grass cover is added at night. 5. Use non-woven cloth or cotton cloth to cover the crop directly, lift it during the day and cover it at night. 6. Operate the ditch to cover 5 cm thick sheep manure to increase the ground temperature. (B) warming up temperature 1, using hot stove heating. The hot blast stove burns from 6 pm to 12 pm; it burns until 12:00 noon in the morning. However, we must pay attention to timely and adequate ventilation (including night) to supplement oxygen, prevent people from gas poisoning and cause death. 2, using the stove, electric heating and brazier heating. It is particularly important to point out here that no naked fire should be allowed to heat and warm the interior of the shed, and fire exits and fire exits must be sealed to prevent smoke from leaking into the room and human and vegetable poisoning. 3, the use of air heating wire heating. 4, candle lighting temperature (C) lighting management and fill light 1. The weather in cloudy and snowy weather must be kept open every day. It should be lifted at around 11:30 in the morning and set off at 2 to 3 in the afternoon. 2. Use industrial high-power tungsten lamps to make up light and make up for temperature. 3, each greenhouse hangs 200 watts or 100 watts (according to the power of the greenhouse to determine the lamp power) bulb 5 to 10 (according to the shed size), bulb height 0.5 meters away from the crop growth point, to prevent burn crops, from 9 am Point to 5 pm to turn on the light and make up the temperature. (d) Hygrometry 1, all warming, fill light measures can be wet. 2. Preserve quicklime in pots, buckets, and other containers, and place it in the greenhouse before the bottom corner to dampen. 3. Weeding wood ash on the ground. (five) nursery shed management Special attention should be paid to the management of nursery sheds. The minimum temperature for fruit and vegetable nursery sheds should be no less than 10°C, and the leafy larvae should not be lower than 6°C, and strong light should be used to prevent flower bud differentiation and the appearance of eggplant seedlings. Malformed flower, malformed fruit; cucumber appeared bald, no growth point. Therefore, nursery sheds must be supplemented with hot blast stoves, flue gas ducts, and geothermal lines, supplemented with light sources such as industrial high-power tungsten lamps, light bulbs, and fluorescent lamps. (6) Clean the snow on the shed in time and reinforce the shed to prevent it from falling down. (seven) spray plant antifreeze. Such as plant power 2003, Shanghai Tong micro-plant reversal agent, PBO, NNC, Kang Jie liquid plant protection film. (8) Do not water the continuous cloudy snow weather in the shed, so as to avoid the occurrence of seedling disease due to low temperature and high humidity. (9) The use of chlorothalonil, quick-acting aerosols or dust to prevent disease. (10) Farmers who are preparing to plant seedlings in the near future should first take care of their seedlings. When the weather is fine, 10 cm ground temperature should rise to 10°C and then be planted. Second, the management of solar greenhouses after the weather turns fine (1) When the weather is sunny, the grasshoppers should be uncovered some time earlier than normal. This will allow the plants to adapt to the conditions of light at lower temperatures so that the pores and pores can contract or close. (b) The plants were sprayed with water or 0.5% glucose solution. One is to increase the moisture in the indoor plants and in the air, reduce the body temperature of the plants in order to reduce the transpiration of the plants; the second is to supplement part of the nutrition. Spray water can be performed multiple times depending on the situation. (3) Repeatedly exposing the defects. When the grasshoppers are lifted, the staff can no longer leave the greenhouse. Observe it at any time. Once a snoring occurs in the plant, it is necessary to put down a part of the grasshopper. After the plant is restored, the grasshopper will be rolled up. When the wilting occurs again, immediately release the grasshopper that was not put down. Repeatedly, soaking the ground alternately until no more wilting occurs after all the grasshoppers are lifted. The length of processing time depends on the duration of continuous cloudy days, generally 2 to 3 days for continuous yin, and treatment can be basically resumed on 1st day; for 5 to 6 days for continuous yin, 2 to 3 days need to be processed; for yin and tens of days, 5 to 5 days need to be processed. 7 days. At this time, patience and perseverance are very necessary, and one's carelessness and disdain may all be lost. (4) Spraying of protective drugs such as Miconazole and Amisidae to prevent disease. (5) The nursery center shall contact the vegetable seeds well and prepare well for the seedlings. In the event of a large area of ​​frost, seedlings shall be seeded in time to facilitate the production of the squat. III. Measures to be taken in the affected greenhouse 1. If the eggplant vegetables are only frozen at the growing point, cut off the growth point and the old leaves in time, promote lateral sprouts, choose to keep 1-2 robust collaterals, and strengthen fertilizer and water management. 2. If all the vegetables are frozen to death, planting plans must be made in time. There are vegetable seedlings to be promptly turned to soil preparation and planting seedlings; without seedlings, can first arrange a leafy vegetable production, such as garland chrysanthemum, lettuce, spinach, rapeseed, etc., and the scheduled vegetable seedlings, such as leafy vegetables, timely colonization.
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