Technology and experience on ecological fish farming
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Aquatic mushroom field sets up Astragalus membranaceus, Astragalus ingest aquatic insects and larvae, which is beneficial to the growth of Mushrooms, but also can harvest a certain amount of Astragalus, increasing the yield of Mushroom production and comprehensive economic benefits. In recent years, Fengbei Tablet in Yifeng Town, Yandu County has been cultivated with 15 acres of mushroom fields and cultivated with astragalus, with remarkable results. Generally, 100-120 kilograms of rice are grown in per mu and 1,000 kilograms of mushrooms are grown in per mu. Now we will introduce the techniques of nesting and cultivating astragalus in mushroom fields as follows: I. Infrastructure (A) The selection of breeding plots should be based on fields with sufficient water sources, good water quality, convenient drainage and irrigation, and ventilation, light transmission, and good water retention properties. (b) Mushroom fish project construction First of all, strengthening the field ridge. The field ridge should be 0.5 meters above the field surface and 0.4 meters wide. It should be compacted and covered with dense wire mesh at the inlet and outlet. Next, flatten the plots. The ditches with a width and depth of 0.4-0.5 m were excavated around the site. Several vertical and horizontal furrows were opened in the field with widths and depths of 0.3-0.4 m. The gullies were connected and the gullies occupied 8%-10% of the land area. Finally plough and fertilize. After exposing and crushing the soil, 800 to 1200 kilograms of fermented pig manure per acre is used as a basal fertilizer and evenly spread in the fields. At the end of June and early July, 50 to 100 kilograms of chicken manure was introduced into the gutter, and the water depth was 0.3 meters. Large-scale zooplankton were fed for feeding. (3) Requirements for transplanting of water mushroom from the germination and greening, transplanting to the field and field management can be performed by referring to conventional techniques. Second, the seedlings can be stocked only after they are transplanted and live. Seedlings should be disease-free, invigorating, lively, and of neat specifications with a body color of yellow or brown-red. Generally, 800-1000 tails of seedlings weighing 30 to 50 grams per acre are stocked, and 5% of mud cakes are set in order to increase dissolved oxygen in the water and prevent them from intertwining. When the seedlings are released, the temperature difference should not be too large. Do not rinse the seedlings with cold water, so as to avoid jaundice suffering from “cold diseaseâ€. Before entering the field, the seedlings were soaked with 3% to 5% saline for 3-5 minutes to kill the body surface bacteria and parasites. Third, feeding and management (a) feeding feed animal feed should not be fed too much at a time, so as not to spoil the water. In the summer, food fields should be inspected frequently, and leftover food should be taken out to remove sickness. In the hot season, the water level should be increased by about 15 centimeters to facilitate the growth of jaundice and timely drainage in rainstorms to prevent escaping. Astragalus is a omnivorous fish mainly based on carnivorous foods. It particularly prefers fresh and live foods such as small fish, cockroaches, fly pupae, and aquatic insects. 5-7 days feeding once, put the live food directly into the gutter, so that the Astragalus eat freely, and with some vegetables, wheat bran and so on. During the growth period, some high-protein compound feeds can also be fed and fed at multiple points to facilitate even feeding. According to the living habits of the eels, the early feeding stage can be fed in the evening and gradually advances. After 1 to 2 weeks of domestication, daily morning 9 o'clock, 2 o'clock o'clock and 6 o'clock o'clock 3 o'clock can be formed. Feeding. Feeding time depends on the weather, water temperature and how much food is left. (b) The water quality regulation should be based on the growth needs of the water mushroom and taking into account the living habits of the yellow peony. In the initial stage, the infusion of new water is maintained at more than 10 cm. At this time, the mushroom has grown to more than 20 cm; the water temperature is gradually increased, and the water level should be appropriately increased to about 15 cm, which will facilitate the growth of jaundice; 7-8 months, 5-7 days Note new water, change the amount of water for each time 20%, and increase the water level to maintain good water quality. The sultry weather Huang Qi body vertical, head out of the water, indicating that lack of oxygen, need to add new water oxygen. As the weather turns cold, the mushroom grows and the water depth should gradually decrease. From mid-September to the end of October, the depth of water should be 8 to 10 cm. At this time, the water depth in the ditch can still be maintained at about 30 centimeters, which is suitable for the needs of jaundice. (3) During the period of disease prevention and control, lime water shall be splashed into the Tiangou every 15 days, and the amount of water per cubic meter shall be 10 to 15 grams, and the water shall be splashed with sprinkling. Before the stocking is damaged due to body surface damage, watery mildew caused by infection should be soaked in 3% to 5% of salt water for 3 to 5 minutes before the seedlings enter the field. To the middle of July, it is prone to suffer from print diseases. It uses 5 mg/L bleaching powder to splash in the entire trench for 3 days, and then spills it once every 15 days. Prosperous growing season prone to enteritis disease, commonly used 1 ~ 2 mg / liter bleaching the entire ditch sprinkle bactericidal, and every 50 kg feed furazolidone 1 g feed, even for 3 days. (d) Field management coordinates the relationship between the management of the water mushroom field and the conservation of eel. When pesticides are applied, high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue pesticides should be applied to prevent excessive pesticides from directly falling into the water and affecting the growth of Astragalus membranaceus. Conditional farmers should insert planks or calcium-plastic plates (30 cm into the mud) around the fields to prevent escape; brick walls can also be used to wipe the surface with cement to prevent slamming holes from escaping. Fourth, catch oysters and mushrooms In late October and early November, after the end of harvesting, it began to harvest mushrooms, mushroom collection period from the beginning of the frost to the next spring equinox.